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Multiple Choice
Which type of inheritance involves genes not located on autosomal chromosomes?
A
Autosomal dominant inheritance
B
Sex-linked inheritance
C
Mitochondrial inheritance
D
Autosomal recessive inheritance
Verified step by step guidance
1
Begin by understanding the concept of autosomal chromosomes. Autosomal chromosomes are the non-sex chromosomes, which means they are not involved in determining the sex of an individual. Humans have 22 pairs of autosomal chromosomes.
Next, familiarize yourself with the concept of sex-linked inheritance. This type of inheritance involves genes located on the sex chromosomes, which are the X and Y chromosomes. In humans, females have two X chromosomes (XX), while males have one X and one Y chromosome (XY).
Consider the characteristics of sex-linked inheritance. Traits that are sex-linked are often associated with the X chromosome, as it carries more genes than the Y chromosome. This can lead to different patterns of inheritance in males and females.
Understand mitochondrial inheritance. This type of inheritance involves genes located in the mitochondria, which are passed down from the mother to all her offspring, regardless of their sex. Mitochondrial DNA is separate from the nuclear DNA found in autosomal and sex chromosomes.
Finally, differentiate between autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive inheritance. Both involve genes located on autosomal chromosomes, not sex chromosomes. Autosomal dominant inheritance requires only one copy of the dominant allele for the trait to be expressed, while autosomal recessive inheritance requires two copies of the recessive allele.