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Multiple Choice
Which of the following best describes the effects of water pollution on aquatic ecosystems?
A
It always increases the population of all aquatic organisms.
B
It can decrease biodiversity by harming or killing sensitive species.
C
It has no impact on nutrient cycling within the ecosystem.
D
It only affects terrestrial organisms, not aquatic life.
Verified step by step guidance
1
Step 1: Understand the concept of water pollution and its impact on aquatic ecosystems. Water pollution refers to the contamination of water bodies (e.g., rivers, lakes, oceans) by harmful substances such as chemicals, waste, or microorganisms.
Step 2: Recognize that aquatic ecosystems rely on a delicate balance of biodiversity, nutrient cycling, and environmental conditions. Pollution can disrupt these processes by introducing toxins or altering physical and chemical properties of the water.
Step 3: Analyze the options provided. Consider how pollution might harm sensitive species, reduce biodiversity, or disrupt nutrient cycling. Sensitive species are often the first to be affected by changes in water quality, leading to a decrease in biodiversity.
Step 4: Eliminate incorrect options. For example, water pollution does not always increase the population of aquatic organisms, nor does it only affect terrestrial organisms. It also has significant impacts on aquatic life and nutrient cycling.
Step 5: Conclude that the correct description of the effects of water pollution is: 'It can decrease biodiversity by harming or killing sensitive species.' This aligns with the understanding of how pollution impacts aquatic ecosystems.