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Multiple Choice
During the phases of mitosis, what structures are responsible for moving the chromosomes?
A
Ribosomes
B
Nuclear envelope
C
Centrioles
D
Spindle fibers (microtubules)
Verified step by step guidance
1
Understand the context of the question: Mitosis is the process of cell division where a single cell divides into two identical daughter cells. During this process, chromosomes are moved to ensure proper segregation.
Identify the structures involved in chromosome movement during mitosis. Spindle fibers, composed of microtubules, are the key structures responsible for this movement. They are formed by the centrosomes, which include centrioles in animal cells.
Learn the role of spindle fibers: Spindle fibers attach to chromosomes at their centromeres via protein structures called kinetochores. This attachment allows the spindle fibers to pull the chromosomes apart during mitosis.
Clarify why other options are incorrect: Ribosomes are involved in protein synthesis, not chromosome movement. The nuclear envelope disassembles during mitosis but does not move chromosomes. Centrioles help organize spindle fibers but do not directly move chromosomes.
Summarize the correct answer: Spindle fibers (microtubules) are the structures responsible for moving chromosomes during mitosis by attaching to kinetochores and pulling the chromosomes to opposite poles of the cell.