Multiple Choice
Which of the following outcomes is least likely to result from a chromosomal mutation?
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15. Gene Expression
Mutations
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What is the effect of a nucleotide-pair substitution that results in a nonsense mutation in a gene?
A
It causes a frameshift, altering the downstream amino acid sequence.
B
It introduces a premature stop codon, leading to a truncated protein.
C
It has no effect on the protein because it occurs in a non-coding region.
D
It changes the amino acid sequence without affecting the protein function.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand what a nucleotide-pair substitution is: It involves the replacement of one nucleotide and its partner in the complementary DNA strand with another pair of nucleotides.
Learn about nonsense mutations: These are specific types of mutations where a nucleotide-pair substitution results in a premature stop codon in the mRNA sequence.
Recognize the effect of a premature stop codon: It leads to the termination of translation earlier than expected, resulting in a truncated protein that is usually nonfunctional.
Consider the location of the mutation: If the substitution occurs in a coding region, it can significantly affect the protein structure and function. If it occurs in a non-coding region, it might have no effect.
Differentiate between nonsense mutations and other types: Unlike missense mutations, which change one amino acid in the sequence, nonsense mutations lead to a complete halt in protein synthesis.
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