Table of contents

1. Introduction to Biology2h 42m
2. Chemistry3h 37m
3. Water1h 26m
4. Biomolecules2h 23m
5. Cell Components2h 26m
6. The Membrane2h 31m
7. Energy and Metabolism2h 0m
8. Respiration2h 40m
9. Photosynthesis2h 49m
10. Cell Signaling59m
11. Cell Division2h 47m
12. Meiosis2h 0m
13. Mendelian Genetics4h 44m
14. DNA Synthesis2h 27m
15. Gene Expression3h 6m
16. Regulation of Expression3h 31m
17. Viruses37m
- Viruses
  37m
18. Biotechnology2h 58m
19. Genomics17m
- Genomes
  17m
20. Development1h 5m
21. Evolution3h 1m
22. Evolution of Populations3h 53m
23. Speciation1h 37m
24. History of Life on Earth2h 6m
25. Phylogeny2h 31m
26. Prokaryotes4h 59m
27. Protists1h 12m
28. Plants1h 22m
29. Fungi36m
- Fungi
  19m
- Fungi Reproduction
  17m
30. Overview of Animals34m
- Overview of Animals
  34m
31. Invertebrates1h 2m
32. Vertebrates50m
33. Plant Anatomy1h 3m
34. Vascular Plant Transport1h 2m
- Water Potential
  1h 2m
35. Soil37m
- Soil and Nutrients
  20m
- Nitrogen Fixation
  16m
36. Plant Reproduction47m
- Flowers
  33m
- Seeds
  14m
37. Plant Sensation and Response1h 9m
38. Animal Form and Function1h 19m
39. Digestive System1h 10m
- Digestion
  1h 3m
- Blood Sugar Homeostasis
  7m
40. Circulatory System1h 49m
41. Immune System1h 12m
42. Osmoregulation and Excretion50m
- Osmoregulation and Excretion
  50m
43. Endocrine System1h 4m
- Endocrine System
  1h 4m
44. Animal Reproduction1h 2m
- Animal Reproduction
  1h 2m
45. Nervous System1h 55m
- Neurons and Action Potentials
  1h 8m
- Central and Peripheral Nervous System
  46m
46. Sensory Systems46m
- Sensory System
  46m
47. Muscle Systems23m
- Musculoskeletal System
  23m
48. Ecology3h 11m
49. Animal Behavior28m
- Animal Behavior
  28m
50. Population Ecology3h 41m
51. Community Ecology2h 46m
52. Ecosystems2h 36m
53. Conservation Biology24m
- Conservation Biology
  24m

5. Cell Components

Mitochondria & Chloroplasts

General Biology

5. Cell Components

Mitochondria & Chloroplasts

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Multiple Choice

What benefit does the cell gain from the presence of mitochondria or chloroplasts?

They both produce ATP through cellular respiration.

Both organelles are responsible for protein synthesis.

They both store genetic information for the cell.

Mitochondria generate ATP through cellular respiration, while chloroplasts produce glucose through photosynthesis.

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the primary functions of mitochondria and chloroplasts: Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell, primarily responsible for generating ATP through the process of cellular respiration. Chloroplasts, on the other hand, are involved in photosynthesis, where they convert light energy into chemical energy stored as glucose.

Recognize the process of cellular respiration in mitochondria: Cellular respiration involves breaking down glucose and other molecules in the presence of oxygen to produce ATP, the energy currency of the cell. This process occurs in the mitochondria and is crucial for providing energy to the cell.

Identify the role of chloroplasts in photosynthesis: Chloroplasts capture light energy and use it to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. This process not only provides energy in the form of glucose but also releases oxygen as a byproduct.

Differentiate between ATP production and glucose production: While both organelles are involved in energy-related processes, mitochondria focus on producing ATP, which is immediately usable by the cell, whereas chloroplasts produce glucose, which can be stored and later used to generate ATP.

Clarify the misconception about protein synthesis and genetic information: Neither mitochondria nor chloroplasts are primarily responsible for protein synthesis; this is mainly the role of ribosomes. Additionally, while both organelles contain some genetic material, they do not store the cell's main genetic information, which is housed in the nucleus.