Multiple Choice
What provides the carbon atoms that are incorporated into sugar molecules during the Calvin cycle?
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9. Photosynthesis
Calvin Cycle
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Which of the following is an input required for the Calvin cycle (light-independent reactions) in photosynthesis?
A
CO$_2$, ATP, and NADPH
B
H$_2$O, ADP, and NADP$^+$
C
Glucose, NADH, and CO$_2$
D
O$_2$, ATP, and FADH$_2$
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the Calvin cycle, which is the light-independent reaction in photosynthesis. It occurs in the stroma of chloroplasts and uses energy from ATP and NADPH produced during the light-dependent reactions to convert CO$_2$ into glucose.
Step 2: Identify the key inputs required for the Calvin cycle. These include CO$_2$ (as the carbon source), ATP (as the energy source), and NADPH (as the reducing agent providing electrons).
Step 3: Analyze the options provided in the question. Compare each set of inputs to the known requirements of the Calvin cycle.
Step 4: Eliminate incorrect options. For example, H$_2$O, ADP, and NADP$^+$ are outputs of the light-dependent reactions, not inputs for the Calvin cycle. Similarly, glucose is a product of photosynthesis, not an input, and NADH and FADH$_2$ are involved in cellular respiration, not photosynthesis.
Step 5: Select the correct answer based on the inputs required for the Calvin cycle: CO$_2$, ATP, and NADPH.
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