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Multiple Choice
Which of the following correctly illustrates hydrogen bonding between neighboring water molecules?
A
A hydrogen atom of one water molecule is attracted to the oxygen atom of a neighboring water molecule.
B
The oxygen atom of one water molecule forms a covalent bond with the oxygen atom of another water molecule.
C
A hydrogen atom of one water molecule is repelled by the hydrogen atom of a neighboring water molecule.
D
The hydrogen atoms of two water molecules form an ionic bond with each other.
Verified step by step guidance
1
Step 1: Understand the concept of hydrogen bonding. Hydrogen bonding is a type of weak chemical bond that occurs when a hydrogen atom, covalently bonded to an electronegative atom (like oxygen), interacts with another electronegative atom in a neighboring molecule.
Step 2: Recall the structure of a water molecule. Water (H₂O) consists of two hydrogen atoms covalently bonded to one oxygen atom. The oxygen atom is highly electronegative, creating a partial negative charge on the oxygen and a partial positive charge on the hydrogen atoms.
Step 3: Analyze the interaction between neighboring water molecules. The partial positive charge on the hydrogen atom of one water molecule is attracted to the partial negative charge on the oxygen atom of a neighboring water molecule, forming a hydrogen bond.
Step 4: Evaluate the given options. The correct illustration of hydrogen bonding is: 'A hydrogen atom of one water molecule is attracted to the oxygen atom of a neighboring water molecule.' This matches the definition and behavior of hydrogen bonding.
Step 5: Eliminate incorrect options. Covalent bonds occur within a molecule, not between molecules. Repulsion between hydrogen atoms or ionic bonding between hydrogen atoms does not describe hydrogen bonding in water molecules.