Multiple Choice
What is the structure of an enzyme primarily composed of?
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7. Energy and Metabolism
Enzymes
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How does a change in the structure of an enzyme affect its function?
A
It causes the enzyme to become a different type of protein entirely.
B
It always increases the enzyme's activity by enhancing substrate binding.
C
It can alter the enzyme's active site, reducing its ability to bind to substrates.
D
It has no effect on the enzyme's function as long as the substrate is present.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions in biological systems. They have a specific three-dimensional structure that is crucial for their function.
Recognize that the active site of an enzyme is the region where substrate molecules bind and undergo a chemical reaction. The shape and chemical environment of the active site are essential for substrate binding.
Consider how changes in the enzyme's structure, such as those caused by mutations, changes in pH, or temperature, can alter the shape of the active site. This can affect the enzyme's ability to bind to its substrate.
Realize that if the active site is altered, the enzyme may not bind to the substrate as effectively, which can reduce the enzyme's activity. This is because the specific fit between the enzyme and substrate is necessary for catalysis.
Conclude that a change in the enzyme's structure does not necessarily make it a different protein or always increase its activity. Instead, it can lead to a decrease in function if the active site is affected, which is why the correct answer is that it can alter the enzyme's active site, reducing its ability to bind to substrates.
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