Table of contents

1. Introduction to Biology2h 42m
2. Chemistry3h 37m
3. Water1h 26m
4. Biomolecules2h 23m
5. Cell Components2h 26m
6. The Membrane2h 31m
7. Energy and Metabolism2h 0m
8. Respiration2h 40m
9. Photosynthesis2h 49m
10. Cell Signaling59m
11. Cell Division2h 47m
12. Meiosis2h 0m
13. Mendelian Genetics4h 44m
14. DNA Synthesis2h 27m
15. Gene Expression3h 6m
16. Regulation of Expression3h 31m
17. Viruses37m
- Viruses
  37m
18. Biotechnology2h 58m
19. Genomics17m
- Genomes
  17m
20. Development1h 5m
21. Evolution3h 1m
22. Evolution of Populations3h 53m
23. Speciation1h 37m
24. History of Life on Earth2h 6m
25. Phylogeny2h 31m
26. Prokaryotes4h 59m
27. Protists1h 12m
28. Plants1h 22m
29. Fungi36m
- Fungi
  19m
- Fungi Reproduction
  17m
30. Overview of Animals34m
- Overview of Animals
  34m
31. Invertebrates1h 2m
32. Vertebrates50m
33. Plant Anatomy1h 3m
34. Vascular Plant Transport1h 2m
- Water Potential
  1h 2m
35. Soil37m
- Soil and Nutrients
  20m
- Nitrogen Fixation
  16m
36. Plant Reproduction47m
- Flowers
  33m
- Seeds
  14m
37. Plant Sensation and Response1h 9m
38. Animal Form and Function1h 19m
39. Digestive System1h 10m
- Digestion
  1h 3m
- Blood Sugar Homeostasis
  7m
40. Circulatory System1h 49m
41. Immune System1h 12m
42. Osmoregulation and Excretion50m
- Osmoregulation and Excretion
  50m
43. Endocrine System1h 4m
- Endocrine System
  1h 4m
44. Animal Reproduction1h 2m
- Animal Reproduction
  1h 2m
45. Nervous System1h 55m
- Neurons and Action Potentials
  1h 8m
- Central and Peripheral Nervous System
  46m
46. Sensory Systems46m
- Sensory System
  46m
47. Muscle Systems23m
- Musculoskeletal System
  23m
48. Ecology3h 11m
49. Animal Behavior28m
- Animal Behavior
  28m
50. Population Ecology3h 41m
51. Community Ecology2h 46m
52. Ecosystems2h 36m
53. Conservation Biology24m
- Conservation Biology
  24m

9. Photosynthesis

Calvin Cycle

General Biology

9. Photosynthesis

Calvin Cycle

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following processes in a plant cell could produce the CO$_2$ needed for the Calvin cycle?

Active transport of ions across the plasma membrane

Cellular respiration in the mitochondria

Photolysis of water during the light reactions

ATP synthesis by ATP synthase

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the Calvin cycle: The Calvin cycle is part of photosynthesis and occurs in the stroma of chloroplasts. It uses CO$_2$, ATP, and NADPH to produce glucose. The CO$_2$ required for the Calvin cycle must come from a source within or outside the plant cell.

Analyze the options: Evaluate each process mentioned in the problem to determine if it produces CO$_2$. Cellular respiration in the mitochondria is a process where glucose is broken down to produce ATP, and CO$_2$ is released as a byproduct. This makes it a potential source of CO$_2$ for the Calvin cycle.

Consider photolysis of water: During the light reactions of photosynthesis, water is split into oxygen, protons, and electrons. This process does not produce CO$_2$, so it cannot contribute to the Calvin cycle's CO$_2$ requirement.

Evaluate ATP synthesis by ATP synthase: ATP synthase is an enzyme that synthesizes ATP during the light reactions of photosynthesis or cellular respiration. This process does not involve the production of CO$_2$, so it is not relevant to the Calvin cycle's CO$_2$ needs.

Conclude with the correct process: Cellular respiration in the mitochondria is the only process listed that produces CO$_2$. This CO$_2$ can be transported to the chloroplasts and used in the Calvin cycle.