Table of contents

1. Introduction to Biology2h 42m
2. Chemistry3h 37m
3. Water1h 26m
4. Biomolecules2h 23m
5. Cell Components2h 26m
6. The Membrane2h 31m
7. Energy and Metabolism2h 0m
8. Respiration2h 40m
9. Photosynthesis2h 49m
10. Cell Signaling59m
11. Cell Division2h 47m
12. Meiosis2h 0m
13. Mendelian Genetics4h 44m
14. DNA Synthesis2h 27m
15. Gene Expression3h 6m
16. Regulation of Expression3h 31m
17. Viruses37m
- Viruses
  37m
18. Biotechnology2h 58m
19. Genomics17m
- Genomes
  17m
20. Development1h 5m
21. Evolution3h 1m
22. Evolution of Populations3h 53m
23. Speciation1h 37m
24. History of Life on Earth2h 6m
25. Phylogeny2h 31m
26. Prokaryotes4h 59m
27. Protists1h 12m
28. Plants1h 22m
29. Fungi36m
- Fungi
  19m
- Fungi Reproduction
  17m
30. Overview of Animals34m
- Overview of Animals
  34m
31. Invertebrates1h 2m
32. Vertebrates50m
33. Plant Anatomy1h 3m
34. Vascular Plant Transport1h 2m
- Water Potential
  1h 2m
35. Soil37m
- Soil and Nutrients
  20m
- Nitrogen Fixation
  16m
36. Plant Reproduction47m
- Flowers
  33m
- Seeds
  14m
37. Plant Sensation and Response1h 9m
38. Animal Form and Function1h 19m
39. Digestive System1h 10m
- Digestion
  1h 3m
- Blood Sugar Homeostasis
  7m
40. Circulatory System1h 49m
41. Immune System1h 12m
42. Osmoregulation and Excretion50m
- Osmoregulation and Excretion
  50m
43. Endocrine System1h 4m
- Endocrine System
  1h 4m
44. Animal Reproduction1h 2m
- Animal Reproduction
  1h 2m
45. Nervous System1h 55m
- Neurons and Action Potentials
  1h 8m
- Central and Peripheral Nervous System
  46m
46. Sensory Systems46m
- Sensory System
  46m
47. Muscle Systems23m
- Musculoskeletal System
  23m
48. Ecology3h 11m
49. Animal Behavior28m
- Animal Behavior
  28m
50. Population Ecology3h 41m
51. Community Ecology2h 46m
52. Ecosystems2h 36m
53. Conservation Biology24m
- Conservation Biology
  24m

25. Phylogeny

Phylogeny

General Biology

25. Phylogeny

Phylogeny

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2:27 minutes

Problem 4

Textbook Question

Which of the following kingdoms or domains is a hodgepodge of different evolutionary lineages?
a. Bacteria
b. Protista
c. Archaea
d. Plantae
e. Animalia

Verified step by step guidance

Understand the question: The problem is asking which kingdom or domain is considered a 'hodgepodge,' meaning it contains a diverse mix of organisms that do not necessarily share a single evolutionary lineage.

Review the characteristics of each option: a. Bacteria are prokaryotic organisms with a single evolutionary lineage. b. Protista is a kingdom that includes a wide variety of eukaryotic organisms, such as algae, protozoa, and slime molds, which do not fit neatly into other kingdoms. c. Archaea are prokaryotic organisms distinct from bacteria and have their own evolutionary lineage. d. Plantae includes multicellular, photosynthetic organisms with a shared evolutionary lineage. e. Animalia includes multicellular, heterotrophic organisms with a shared evolutionary lineage.

Focus on the key term 'hodgepodge': This term suggests a group that is not monophyletic (does not share a single common ancestor) and includes organisms with diverse evolutionary origins.

Identify the correct answer: Based on the descriptions, the kingdom Protista is known for being a 'hodgepodge' because it includes organisms that are not closely related and do not fit into other kingdoms like Plantae, Animalia, or Fungi.

Conclude: The correct answer is b. Protista, as it is the kingdom that best matches the description of a 'hodgepodge of different evolutionary lineages.'

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Kingdom Protista

The kingdom Protista is known for its diverse range of organisms, which include unicellular and simple multicellular forms. It serves as a catch-all category for eukaryotic organisms that do not fit into the other kingdoms, such as plants, animals, or fungi. This diversity results from various evolutionary lineages, making Protista a 'hodgepodge' of different life forms.

Evolutionary Lineages

Evolutionary lineages refer to the sequences of species that have evolved from a common ancestor over time. Understanding these lineages helps in classifying organisms based on their evolutionary relationships. In the context of Protista, the presence of multiple lineages highlights the complexity and varied evolutionary paths that have led to the current diversity within this kingdom.

Taxonomy

Taxonomy is the science of classifying organisms into hierarchical categories based on shared characteristics and evolutionary relationships. It helps in organizing biological diversity and understanding the relationships among different groups. The classification of Protista as a separate kingdom illustrates the challenges in taxonomy, especially when dealing with organisms that do not fit neatly into established categories.

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Which similarly inclusive taxon is represented as descending from the same common ancestor as Canidae?

<IMAGE>

a. Felidae

b. Mustelidae

c. Carnivora

d. Lutra

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Textbook Question

Three living species, X, Y, and Z, share a common ancestor, T, as do extinct species U and V. A grouping that consists of species T, X, Y, and Z (but not U or V) makes up

a. A monophyletic taxon

b. An ingroup, with species U as the outgroup

c. A paraphyletic group

d. A polyphyletic group

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Textbook Question

Which of the following correctly describe an active site? Select True or False for each statement.

T/F It is the location in an enzyme where substrates bind.

T/F It is the place where a molecule or ion binds to an inactive enzyme to induce a shape change to make it active.

T/F It is the portion of an enzyme where chaperones bind to help enzymes fold.

T/F It is the site on an enzyme where catalysis occurs.

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Textbook Question

Which of the following is an example of homoplasy?

a. Hair in humans and fur in mice

b. Astragalus ankle bones in hippos and deer

c. Hox genes in humans and flies

d. Streamlined bodies in dolphins and ichthyosaurs

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Textbook Question

Based on the tree below, which statement is correct?

a. Lizards and goats form a sister group.

b. Salamanders are a sister group to the group containing lizards, goats, and humans.

c. Salamanders are more closely related to lizards than to humans.

d. Goats and humans are the only sister group shown in this tree.

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Textbook Question

In the following figure, which two main clades branch from the most recent common ancestor of the eumetazoans?

a. Porifera and Cnidaria

b. Lophotrochozoa and Ecdysozoa

c. Cnidaria and Bilateria

d. Deuterostomia and Bilateria

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Textbook Question

Explain the lock-and-key model of enzyme activity. What is incorrect about this model?

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Textbook Question

How do the extracellular filaments in plants differ from those in animals?

a. Plant filaments resist compression forces; animal filaments resist pulling forces.

b. Animal filaments consist of proteins; plant filaments consist of polysaccharides.

c. Plant extracellular filaments never move; animal filaments can slide past one another.

d. Plant filaments run parallel to one another; animal filaments crisscross.

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Which of the following kingdoms or domains is a hodgepodge of different evolutionary lineages?a. Bacteriab. Protistac. Archaead. Plantaee. Animalia

Key Concepts

Kingdom Protista

Evolutionary Lineages

Taxonomy

Watch next

Which of the following kingdoms or domains is a hodgepodge of different evolutionary lineages?
a. Bacteria
b. Protista
c. Archaea
d. Plantae
e. Animalia