Multiple Choice
Which gland is primarily responsible for regulating metabolism through the secretion of thyroxine ($T_4$) and triiodothyronine ($T_3$)?
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43. Endocrine System
Endocrine System
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A cell releases a cytokine, which binds to and acts on a neighboring cell. This represents an example of __________.
A
autocrine signaling
B
endocrine signaling
C
neuroendocrine signaling
D
synaptic signaling
E
paracrine signaling
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of cell signaling: Cell signaling is the process by which cells communicate with each other. It involves the release of signaling molecules, such as cytokines, which bind to receptors on target cells to elicit a response.
Identify the types of cell signaling: There are several types of cell signaling, including autocrine, paracrine, endocrine, neuroendocrine, and synaptic signaling. Each type involves different distances and mechanisms of action.
Define paracrine signaling: Paracrine signaling occurs when a cell releases signaling molecules that act on nearby cells. The signaling molecules travel a short distance to affect neighboring cells, rather than the cell that released them or distant cells.
Analyze the problem statement: The problem describes a scenario where a cell releases a cytokine that binds to and acts on a neighboring cell. This fits the definition of paracrine signaling, as the signaling molecule affects nearby cells.
Conclude the reasoning: Based on the definition and the scenario provided, the correct type of signaling in this case is paracrine signaling, as it involves the action of cytokines on neighboring cells.
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