Multiple Choice
Use the phylogenetic tree to the right to determine which statement below is true.
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25. Phylogeny
Introduction to Phylogeny
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To apply parsimony to constructing a phylogenetic tree, which principle should be followed?
A
Choose the tree that maximizes the number of shared derived characters.
B
Choose the tree that includes the most species.
C
Choose the tree that requires the fewest evolutionary changes.
D
Choose the tree that groups organisms by their ecological roles.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of parsimony in phylogenetics: Parsimony is a principle that suggests the simplest explanation, or the one requiring the fewest assumptions, is preferred. In the context of phylogenetic trees, this means choosing the tree that requires the fewest evolutionary changes.
Identify the key elements of the problem: The question asks which principle should be followed when applying parsimony to construct a phylogenetic tree. The options provided include maximizing shared derived characters, including the most species, requiring the fewest evolutionary changes, and grouping organisms by ecological roles.
Evaluate each option: Analyze each choice based on the principle of parsimony. For example, maximizing shared derived characters might lead to a more complex tree, while grouping organisms by ecological roles does not necessarily reflect evolutionary relationships.
Focus on the correct principle: The principle of parsimony specifically emphasizes minimizing evolutionary changes. This means selecting the tree that represents the simplest evolutionary pathway, avoiding unnecessary complexity.
Conclude the reasoning: Based on the principle of parsimony, the correct answer is to choose the tree that requires the fewest evolutionary changes, as this aligns with the goal of constructing the simplest and most efficient representation of evolutionary relationships.
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