Multiple Choice
How do germ-line mutations differ from somatic mutations?
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15. Gene Expression
Mutations
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How do point mutations affect DNA sequences?
A
They duplicate entire chromosomes, increasing the number of genes.
B
They rearrange the order of genes within a chromosome.
C
They remove entire sections of DNA, leading to large deletions.
D
They change a single nucleotide base, potentially altering the protein produced.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand what a point mutation is: A point mutation is a change in a single nucleotide base in the DNA sequence.
Recognize the types of point mutations: These include substitutions, insertions, and deletions of a single nucleotide base.
Consider the effects of a substitution: A substitution can lead to a different amino acid being incorporated into a protein, potentially altering its function.
Explore the consequences of insertions or deletions: These can cause a frameshift mutation, changing the reading frame of the gene and potentially leading to a nonfunctional protein.
Reflect on the overall impact: Point mutations can have varying effects, from benign to causing significant changes in protein function, depending on the location and nature of the mutation.
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