Multiple Choice
Which of the following best describes the main difference between passive transport and active transport across a cell membrane?
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6. The Membrane
Passive vs. Active Transport
Multiple Choice
Which of the following is a hallmark of passive transport across cell membranes?
A
Transport of molecules against their concentration gradient using ATP
B
Movement of molecules down their concentration gradient without the use of cellular energy (ATP)
C
Endocytosis of large particles into the cell
D
Involvement of carrier proteins that require energy input
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of passive transport: Passive transport is the movement of molecules across a cell membrane without the use of cellular energy (ATP). It relies on the natural kinetic energy of molecules and occurs down their concentration gradient (from high concentration to low concentration).
Eliminate incorrect options: The first option mentions 'transport of molecules against their concentration gradient using ATP,' which describes active transport, not passive transport. Similarly, 'endocytosis of large particles into the cell' is a form of active transport requiring energy.
Focus on the correct characteristic: Passive transport does not require energy input and involves the movement of molecules down their concentration gradient. This is a key hallmark of passive transport.
Clarify the role of carrier proteins: While some forms of passive transport, such as facilitated diffusion, involve carrier proteins, these proteins do not require energy input. This distinguishes them from active transport mechanisms.
Conclude with the correct answer: The hallmark of passive transport is 'Movement of molecules down their concentration gradient without the use of cellular energy (ATP).' This aligns with the definition and characteristics of passive transport.
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