Multiple Choice
Which phase of the cell cycle is primarily responsible for the replication of DNA in eukaryotic cells?
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11. Cell Division
Introduction to the Cell Cycle
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Which of the following sequences correctly places the four main phases of the eukaryotic cell cycle in chronological order?
A
M phase → G$_2$ phase → S phase → G$_1$ phase
B
S phase → G$_1$ phase → M phase → G$_2$ phase
C
G$_2$ phase → G$_1$ phase → S phase → M phase
D
G$_1$ phase → S phase → G$_2$ phase → M phase
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that the eukaryotic cell cycle is divided into four main phases: G$_1$ phase (Gap 1), S phase (Synthesis), G$_2$ phase (Gap 2), and M phase (Mitosis). These phases occur in a specific sequence to ensure proper cell growth and division.
Begin with the G$_1$ phase, where the cell grows and performs normal metabolic activities. This phase is also a checkpoint to ensure the cell is ready for DNA replication.
Next is the S phase, where DNA replication occurs. During this phase, the cell synthesizes a complete copy of its DNA, ensuring that each daughter cell will receive an identical set of chromosomes.
After DNA replication, the cell enters the G$_2$ phase. In this phase, the cell continues to grow and prepares for mitosis by synthesizing proteins and organelles needed for cell division.
Finally, the cell enters the M phase, where mitosis and cytokinesis occur. During mitosis, the replicated chromosomes are separated into two daughter nuclei, and cytokinesis divides the cytoplasm, resulting in two identical daughter cells.
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