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Multiple Choice
Which of the following best describes neuroendocrine cells?
A
Cells that transmit electrical impulses directly to muscle fibers
B
Cells that produce antibodies in response to pathogens
C
Cells that form tight junctions to create barriers between tissues
D
Cells that receive neuronal signals and release hormones into the bloodstream
Verified step by step guidance
1
Understand the term 'neuroendocrine cells': These are specialized cells that act as a bridge between the nervous system and the endocrine system. They receive signals from neurons and respond by releasing hormones into the bloodstream.
Analyze the incorrect options: The first option describes neurons that transmit electrical impulses to muscle fibers, which is not the function of neuroendocrine cells. The second option refers to immune cells like B cells, which produce antibodies, and the third option describes epithelial cells forming tight junctions, neither of which are neuroendocrine cells.
Focus on the correct option: Neuroendocrine cells are unique because they integrate neuronal signals and endocrine responses. They are found in various parts of the body, such as the hypothalamus, adrenal medulla, and gastrointestinal tract.
Relate the function of neuroendocrine cells to their role in homeostasis: These cells play a critical role in maintaining physiological balance by releasing hormones in response to neural stimuli, which regulate processes like metabolism, stress response, and digestion.
Summarize the key concept: Neuroendocrine cells are specialized cells that receive neuronal signals and release hormones into the bloodstream, making them essential for communication between the nervous and endocrine systems.