Multiple Choice
Which of the following is an example of an abiotic factor that organisms commonly compete for in an ecosystem?
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48. Ecology
Introduction to Ecology
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In the process of ecological succession following a primary disturbance, what type of organisms are typically the first to colonize the newly exposed area?
A
Mature forest trees
B
Large mammals
C
Pioneer species such as lichens and mosses
D
Predatory birds
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of ecological succession: Ecological succession is the process by which ecosystems change and develop over time, especially after a disturbance. Primary succession occurs in areas where no previous life existed, such as bare rock or newly formed volcanic surfaces.
Identify the characteristics of pioneer species: Pioneer species are the first organisms to colonize a barren area. They are typically hardy and able to survive in harsh conditions with minimal resources. Examples include lichens and mosses.
Explain why pioneer species are crucial: Pioneer species play a key role in breaking down rock into soil through processes like chemical weathering and organic matter accumulation. This creates a more hospitable environment for other organisms to follow.
Contrast pioneer species with other organisms: Mature forest trees, large mammals, and predatory birds require established ecosystems with soil, vegetation, and food sources. These organisms appear later in the succession process, not at the beginning.
Conclude with the importance of pioneer species: Pioneer species set the foundation for ecological succession by initiating the development of soil and creating conditions for other species to thrive, leading to a more complex ecosystem over time.
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