Multiple Choice
Down syndrome is characterized by cells having three copies of chromosome 21. As a cell in an individual with Down syndrome prepares to enter mitosis, how many chromatids would be present?
11. Cell Division
Review of the Cell Cycle
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Movement of the chromosomes during anaphase would be most affected by a drug that:
A
Prevents the formation of a cleavage furrow.
B
Prevents the formation of the nuclear envelope.
C
Prevents elongation of microtubules.
D
Prevents shortening of microtubules.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the role of microtubules during anaphase: Microtubules are part of the mitotic spindle, which is responsible for separating sister chromatids and pulling them towards opposite poles of the cell.
Recognize that during anaphase, microtubules shorten to pull the chromatids apart. This shortening is crucial for the movement of chromosomes.
Consider the effect of a drug that prevents the shortening of microtubules: If microtubules cannot shorten, the chromatids cannot be pulled apart, thus affecting chromosome movement during anaphase.
Evaluate the other options: Preventing the formation of a cleavage furrow affects cytokinesis, not anaphase. Preventing the formation of the nuclear envelope affects telophase, not anaphase.
Conclude that the drug preventing the shortening of microtubules would most directly affect chromosome movement during anaphase, as this process relies on microtubule dynamics.
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