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Multiple Choice
Which of the following conditions is necessary for speciation to occur?
A
Sympatric speciation
B
Adaptive radiation
C
Mass extinction
D
Interbreeding among neighboring populations
E
Reproductive isolation
Verified step by step guidance
1
Understand the concept of speciation: Speciation is the evolutionary process by which populations evolve to become distinct species. It involves the splitting of a single evolutionary lineage into two or more genetically independent lineages.
Identify the role of reproductive isolation: Reproductive isolation is a key factor in speciation. It prevents gene flow between populations, allowing them to evolve independently. This can occur through prezygotic barriers (e.g., different mating seasons or behaviors) or postzygotic barriers (e.g., hybrid sterility).
Differentiate between types of speciation: Sympatric speciation occurs when new species evolve from a single ancestral species while inhabiting the same geographic region. This often involves reproductive isolation mechanisms.
Consider adaptive radiation: Adaptive radiation is a process in which organisms diversify rapidly into a multitude of new forms, particularly when a change in the environment makes new resources available, creates new challenges, or opens new environmental niches.
Evaluate the options: Among the given options, reproductive isolation is the necessary condition for speciation to occur, as it directly leads to the genetic divergence required for the formation of new species.