Multiple Choice
What occurs during the process of condensation in the water cycle?
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3. Water
Introduction to Water
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Water is a polar molecule. What does this statement mean?
A
That water molecules are linear, like a pole
B
That water is one of the many hydrophobic molecules
C
That the atoms in water have equal electronegativities
D
That atoms in the molecule have partial charges as a result of unequal sharing of electrons in a covalent bond
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of polarity in molecules: Polarity refers to the distribution of electrical charge over the atoms joined by the bond. In polar molecules, there is an uneven distribution of electron density.
Recognize the structure of a water molecule: Water (H₂O) consists of two hydrogen atoms covalently bonded to one oxygen atom.
Examine the electronegativity of atoms: Electronegativity is the ability of an atom to attract electrons towards itself. Oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen, meaning it attracts electrons more strongly.
Analyze the electron sharing in water: Due to the higher electronegativity of oxygen, the electrons in the covalent bonds are shared unequally, resulting in a partial negative charge on the oxygen atom and partial positive charges on the hydrogen atoms.
Conclude the polarity of water: The unequal sharing of electrons leads to partial charges, making water a polar molecule. This polarity is responsible for many of water's unique properties, such as its ability to dissolve various substances.
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