Q: A solution has a pH of 4. What is the concentration of hydrogen ions ($$[\mathrm{H}^+]) in $$the solution?

$$[\mathrm{H}^+] = 1 \times 10$$^{-4}$$\ \mathrm{M}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between a hypothesis and a scientific theory?

Accepted Answer

A hypothesis is a tentative answer to a specific question that can be tested, while a theory is a comprehensive explanation supported by a large body of evidence.

Question 2

Which property of water allows insects such as water striders to walk on the surface of a pond without sinking?

Accepted Answer

Cohesion leading to high surface tension

Question 3

A molecule of methane ($$\mathrm{CH_4$}) $$has which type of bonds between carbon and hydrogen?

Accepted Answer

Nonpolar covalent bonds

Question 4

Which of the following best explains why ice floats on liquid water?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds in ice keep water molecules farther apart, making ice less dense than liquid water.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a property shared by all living things?

Accepted Answer

Presence of a nucleus

Question 6

A solution has a pH of 4. What is the concentration of hydrogen ions ($$[\mathrm{H}^+]) in $$the solution?

Accepted Answer

$$[\mathrm{H}^+] = 1 	imes 10$$^{-4}$$\ \mathrm{M}$$

Question 7

Which of the following statements about DNA and RNA is correct?

Accepted Answer

DNA is usually double-stranded, while RNA is usually single-stranded.

Question 8

Which functional group is present in all amino acids and acts as a base by accepting $$\mathrm{H}^+$$?

Accepted Answer

Amino group ($$-\mathrm{NH_2$})$$

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the process of hydrolysis?

Accepted Answer

A reaction that breaks a polymer into monomers by adding a water molecule.

Question 10

A patient is found to have a genetic mutation that alters the primary structure of a protein. Which level(s) of protein structure could be affected as a result?

Accepted Answer

Primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why carbon can form such a wide variety of compounds?

Accepted Answer

Carbon can form up to four covalent bonds with other atoms.

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct example of an isomer?

Accepted Answer

Glucose ($$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$}) $$and fructose ($$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$})$$

Question 13

Which of the following statements about saturated and unsaturated fats is correct?

Accepted Answer

Unsaturated fats have one or more double bonds in their fatty acid chains.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the role of enzymes in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions without being consumed.

Question 15

Which of the following bonds is responsible for holding the two strands of DNA together?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds

Question 16

A scientist dissolves $$0.5$$ moles of glucose ($$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$}) in $$enough water to make $$1$$ liter of solution. What is the molarity ($$M) of $$the solution?

Accepted Answer

$$0.5\ M$$

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the difference between a prokaryotic and a eukaryotic cell?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles, while prokaryotic cells do not.

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of a dehydration reaction?

Accepted Answer

Linking two monosaccharides to form a disaccharide and releasing water

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why buffers are important in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

Buffers help maintain a stable pH by accepting or donating $$\mathrm{H}^+$$ ions.

Question 20

Which of the following is a trace element required by humans and is often added to table salt to prevent thyroid problems?

Accepted Answer

Iodine

BIO 1060 Exam 1 Study Guide: Chapters 1-5 (Evolution, Chemistry of Life, Water, Carbon, Biological Molecules)

Study Guide - Practice Questions

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