Question 1

Which functional group is present in all amino acids and is responsible for their acidic properties?

Accepted Answer

Carboxyl group ($$-COOH)$$

Question 2

A molecule contains both a hydroxyl group and a carbonyl group. Which type of molecule is this most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

A carbohydrate

Question 3

Which of the following best describes a hydrocarbon?

Accepted Answer

A molecule that consists only of carbon and hydrogen atoms

Question 4

Which functional group is a key component of ATP and is involved in energy transfer within cells?

Accepted Answer

Phosphate group ($$-PO_4$^{2-})$$

Question 5

What type of bond forms between two monosaccharides to create a disaccharide?

Accepted Answer

Glycosidic linkage

Question 6

Which of the following statements about functional groups is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Functional groups are specific configurations of atoms attached to carbon skeletons that influence chemical reactions.

Question 7

Which functional group can act as a base by accepting a hydrogen ion ($$H^+$$)?

Accepted Answer

Amino group ($$-NH_2$)

Question 8

Which of the following is a structural polysaccharide found in plant cell walls?

Accepted Answer

Cellulose

Question 9

A student is examining the structure of glucose and notices that the ring form has five carbons that are not part of the ring's labeled corners. Where are these carbons found?

Accepted Answer

They are found at the ring's unlabeled corners.

Question 10

Which of the following best describes a macromolecule?

Accepted Answer

A large, complex molecule essential for everyday life

Question 11

Which of the following is a monomer of carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

Monosaccharide

Question 12

Which functional group is hydrophobic and can affect gene expression when attached to DNA?

Accepted Answer

Methyl group ($$-CH_3$)

Question 13

Which of the following is TRUE about isotopes?

Accepted Answer

Isotopes have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

Question 14

Which of the following is a storage polysaccharide produced by vertebrates that is stored in the liver?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Question 15

Which type of linkage connects two glucose molecules in maltose?

Accepted Answer

1-4 glycosidic linkage

Question 16

Which of the following functional groups is found in cysteine and is important for forming disulfide bonds in proteins?

Accepted Answer

Sulfhydryl group ($$-SH)$$

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why hydrocarbons are hydrophobic?

Accepted Answer

They lack polar covalent bonds and do not form hydrogen bonds with water.

Question 18

Which of the following is a monosaccharide commonly called 'fruit sugar'?

Accepted Answer

Fructose

Question 19

Which of the following is TRUE about the chemical reaction that converts ATP to ADP?

Accepted Answer

It releases energy that can be used for cellular work.

Question 20

Which of the following statements about polymers and monomers is correct?

Accepted Answer

A polymer is a long molecule made of many similar or identical monomers linked together.

Biological Molecules: Structure, Properties, and Functional Groups

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