Question 1

Which of the following statements best distinguishes prokaryotic cells from eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells possess them.

Question 2

A student observes a cell under the microscope with a visible nucleus, cell wall, and chloroplasts. Which type of cell is being observed?

Accepted Answer

Plant cell

Question 3

Which of the following best describes Brownian movement?

Accepted Answer

The random movement of molecules due to their kinetic energy.

Question 4

In an experiment, a dye diffuses faster at higher temperatures. Which principle explains this observation?

Accepted Answer

Increased temperature increases the kinetic energy of molecules, speeding up diffusion.

Question 5

A red blood cell is placed in a hypotonic solution. What is most likely to happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

It will swell and may burst (lysis) due to water entering the cell.

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the role of an enzyme in a chemical reaction?

Accepted Answer

It lowers the activation energy, speeding up the reaction.

Question 7

During an enzyme assay, the enzyme peroxidase is boiled before use. What is the most likely outcome?

Accepted Answer

The enzyme will denature and lose its activity.

Question 8

Which of the following is the correct equation for aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$ \mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + ATP} $$

Question 9

In yeast fermentation, which gas is responsible for inflating a balloon attached to the fermentation flask?

Accepted Answer

Carbon dioxide ($$CO_2)$$

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why a plant cell placed in a hypertonic solution undergoes plasmolysis?

Accepted Answer

Water leaves the cell, causing the plasma membrane to pull away from the cell wall.

Question 11

Which of the following is the primary pigment involved in photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Chlorophyll a

Question 12

A student calculates the $$ R_f $$ value for a pigment on chromatography paper as $$ 0.25 . $$What does this indicate about the pigment?

Accepted Answer

It is less soluble and moves less compared to pigments with higher $$ R_f $$ values.

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the difference between osmosis and diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Osmosis is the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane, while diffusion is the movement of molecules from high to low concentration.

Question 14

Which of the following factors does NOT affect the rate of enzyme-catalyzed reactions?

Accepted Answer

The color of the enzyme

Question 15

Beer’s Law relates absorbance ($$A) to $$concentration ($$c) in a $$solution. Which equation correctly represents Beer’s Law?

Accepted Answer

$$ A = \varepsilon c l $$

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the function of a spectrophotometer’s blank?

Accepted Answer

It calibrates the instrument to zero absorbance for the solvent and reagents without the analyte.

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct equation for photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

$$ \mathrm{6CO_2 + 6H_2O \rightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2} $$

Question 18

A student adds iodine to a solution containing starch. What observation indicates a positive reaction?

Accepted Answer

The solution turns blue-black.

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why hydroxylamine acts as an inhibitor in the peroxidase enzyme assay?

Accepted Answer

It binds to the active site, preventing substrate binding.

Question 20

In an experiment, Elodea is placed in a tube with phenol red and exposed to light. After some time, the solution turns from yellow to red. What does this indicate?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis has removed $$CO_2$$, making the solution more basic.

Biology 1406 Lab Exam Review – Guided Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards