Question 1

Which of the following best describes Mendel’s law of segregation?

Accepted Answer

Allele pairs separate during gamete formation, and each gamete carries only one allele for each gene.

Question 2

A woman who is a carrier for the X-linked recessive allele for color blindness marries a man with normal vision. What is the probability that their son will be color blind? Use the rule of multiplication to solve.

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{2}$$

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of incomplete dominance?

Accepted Answer

A red-flowered plant crossed with a white-flowered plant producing pink-flowered offspring.

Question 4

Which statement best explains the chromosomal basis of Mendel’s law of independent assortment?

Accepted Answer

Homologous chromosomes separate independently during meiosis, leading to random assortment of alleles.

Question 5

A couple has a child with sickle-cell disease, an autosomal recessive disorder. Neither parent has the disease. What are the genotypes of the parents?

Accepted Answer

Both parents are heterozygous.

Question 6

Which of the following best describes pleiotropy?

Accepted Answer

A single gene affects multiple traits.

Question 7

In a dihybrid cross between two heterozygous pea plants (YyRr x YyRr), what is the expected phenotypic ratio of the offspring, assuming independent assortment?

Accepted Answer

$$9:3:3:1$$

Question 8

A pedigree shows a trait that appears in every generation and affects both males and females equally. What is the most likely mode of inheritance?

Accepted Answer

Autosomal dominant

Question 9

Which of the following best defines a testcross?

Accepted Answer

A cross between an individual of unknown genotype and a homozygous recessive individual.

Question 10

Which of the following is true about the SRY gene?

Accepted Answer

It is located on the Y chromosome and triggers male development.

Question 11

A man with type AB blood and a woman with type O blood have children. What are the possible blood types of their children?

Accepted Answer

Type A or type B

Question 12

Which of the following best describes a true-breeding organism?

Accepted Answer

An organism that, when self-fertilized, produces offspring identical to itself for a given trait.

Question 13

If a gene has three alleles (I\^A, I\^B, i) for blood type, which inheritance pattern is demonstrated by the ABO blood group system?

Accepted Answer

Codominance and multiple alleles

Question 14

Which of the following best describes a carrier in genetics?

Accepted Answer

An individual who is heterozygous for a recessive disorder and does not show symptoms.

Question 15

A geneticist is mapping two genes and finds a recombination frequency of 10%. What does this indicate about the genes’ locations?

Accepted Answer

The genes are 10 map units apart on the same chromosome.

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of polygenic inheritance?

Accepted Answer

Human skin color, which is controlled by several genes.

Question 17

A woman with genotype $$X^N X^n ($$where $$X^N is $$the normal allele and $$X^n is $$the allele for hemophilia) marries a man with genotype $$X^N Y. $$What is the probability that their daughter will have hemophilia?

Accepted Answer

$$0$$

Question 18

Which of the following best defines a monohybrid cross?

Accepted Answer

A cross between individuals that are heterozygous for one trait.

Question 19

Which prenatal diagnostic technique involves sampling fetal cells from the chorion and can be performed earlier than amniocentesis?

Accepted Answer

Chorionic villus sampling (CVS)

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the relationship between genotype and phenotype?

Accepted Answer

Genotype is the genetic makeup, and phenotype is the observable physical traits.

Chapter 9: Mendelian Genetics and Chromosomal Inheritance Study Guide

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