Q: Which equation correctly represents the calculation of the mass number of an atom?

$$\text{Mass number} = \text{Number of protons} + \text{Number of neutrons}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between a hypothesis and a theory in scientific inquiry?

Accepted Answer

A hypothesis is a proposed explanation for a question that leads to a test, while a theory is an explanation with a broader scope supported by evidence.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT one of the five major themes of biology as outlined in the study materials?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Question 3

A scientist is testing the effect of light intensity on plant growth. Which variable is the independent variable in this experiment?

Accepted Answer

The intensity of light provided to the plants

Question 4

Which property of water allows insects like water striders to walk on its surface?

Accepted Answer

Cohesion due to hydrogen bonding

Question 5

Which of the following statements about isotopes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Isotopes of an element have different numbers of neutrons but the same number of protons.

Question 6

Which equation correctly represents the calculation of the mass number of an atom?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Mass number} = 	ext{Number of protons} + 	ext{Number of neutrons}$$

Question 7

Which of the following is an example of an ionic bond?

Accepted Answer

The attraction between sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl-) ions in table salt

Question 8

Which essential element is required in the largest amount by living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Carbon

Question 9

Which property of water is most important for regulating Earth's climate through evaporative cooling?

Accepted Answer

High heat of vaporization

Question 10

Which statement best explains why water is considered a universal solvent?

Accepted Answer

Water's polarity allows it to dissolve many ionic and polar substances.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes Charles Darwin's idea of 'descent with modification'?

Accepted Answer

Species change over time due to inherited traits that enhance survival and reproduction.

Question 12

Which domain of life includes multicellular organisms such as plants and animals?

Accepted Answer

Eukarya

Question 13

A molecule of water ($$H_2O) $$forms hydrogen bonds with other water molecules. Which atom in water is primarily responsible for attracting the hydrogen of another water molecule?

Accepted Answer

The oxygen atom

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a property of water that is essential for life?

Accepted Answer

Low boiling point

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the role of DNA in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

DNA stores information for protein synthesis and inheritance.

Question 16

Which chemical bond involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms?

Accepted Answer

Covalent bond

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why ice floats on water?

Accepted Answer

Ice is less dense than liquid water because its molecules form a crystalline structure with more open space.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct sequence for the steps of the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

Observation → Question → Hypothesis → Experiment → Analyze Data and Conclusion

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles and are generally larger than prokaryotic cells.

Question 20

Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating the number of neutrons in an atom?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Number of neutrons} = 	ext{Mass number} - 	ext{Atomic number}$$

Foundations of General Biology: Life, Chemistry, and Water

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