Question 1

Which of the following best describes metabolism in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

The sum of all chemical activities occurring in an organism.

Question 2

Homeostasis is crucial for life because:

Accepted Answer

It ensures that chemical reactions occur under optimal conditions such as temperature and pH.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic shared by all living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Ability to photosynthesize

Question 4

The genetic information in living organisms is encoded in DNA using four chemical 'letters.' Which of the following is NOT one of these letters?

Accepted Answer

Uracil (U)

Question 5

Which scientist(s) provided experimental evidence that life does NOT spontaneously arise from nonliving matter?

Accepted Answer

Francesco Redi & Louis Pasteur

Question 6

The Miller-Urey experiment demonstrated that:

Accepted Answer

Organic molecules such as amino acids can form under simulated early Earth conditions.

Question 7

Which of the following statements about RNA is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

RNA can catalyze chemical reactions and may have been the first self-replicating molecule.

Question 8

Which equation best represents the concept of equilibrium in homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{in} = 	ext{out}$$

Question 9

Which of the following is a plausible reason why the primordial soup hypothesis is challenged by scientists?

Accepted Answer

Organic molecules in the soup were very dilute and fragile, making them susceptible to destruction.

Question 10

Which domain of life is characterized by cells that lack a nucleus?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryota

Question 11

A vesicle formed from lipids in water is considered a precursor to cells because:

Accepted Answer

It has a boundary that separates internal and external environments, similar to a cell membrane.

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why iron-sulfur world hypothesis is considered a plausible alternative to the primordial soup hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

It suggests that organic molecules formed in warm, reactive environments such as hydrothermal vents.

Question 13

Which process is directly responsible for the transfer of energy from one organism to another in an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

Consumption (feeding)

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events in the origin of life on Earth according to current scientific understanding?

Accepted Answer

Formation of Earth $$\rightarrow$$ Appearance of prokaryotic life $$\rightarrow$$ Appearance of eukaryotic life $$\rightarrow$$ Appearance of multicellular life

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of a multi-step process that living organisms use to maintain homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

Breaking down nutrients $$\rightarrow$$ Using energy to build proteins $$\rightarrow$$ Replacing damaged organelles

Question 16

Which of the following is a function of Hox genes in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

They determine the body plan and shape of organisms.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the role of prebiotics in the origin of life?

Accepted Answer

Prebiotics are organic compounds that are essential for life and accumulate before life begins.

Question 18

Which of the following is a plausible explanation for why RNA is considered a likely candidate for the first self-replicating molecule?

Accepted Answer

RNA can both store genetic information and catalyze chemical reactions.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct representation of the flow of genetic information in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{DNA} ightarrow 	ext{RNA} ightarrow 	ext{Protein}$$

Lecture 2

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards