Question 1

Which of the following best describes homeostasis in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

The ability to maintain stable internal conditions despite changes in the external environment.

Question 2

A scientist wants to test the effect of fertilizer on tomato plant growth. Which of the following is the independent variable (IV) in this experiment?

Accepted Answer

Amount of fertilizer added to the plants.

Question 3

Which statement correctly distinguishes a scientific theory from a scientific law?

Accepted Answer

A theory explains why something happens, while a law describes what happens.

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of life?

Accepted Answer

Ability to remain unchanged over time.

Question 5

In an experiment testing the effect of fertilizer on apple production, which variable should be kept constant to ensure valid results?

Accepted Answer

Type of apple tree used in all test groups.

Question 6

A student claims that the Law of Gravity explains why apples fall from trees. According to the definitions provided, what does the Law of Gravity actually do?

Accepted Answer

Describes the consistent relationship between mass and gravitational force.

Question 7

Which of the following best increases the validity of an experiment?

Accepted Answer

Repeating trials and sharing results for peer review.

Question 8

A biologist observes that camouflaged animals survive better in their environment. This observation is an example of which characteristic of life?

Accepted Answer

Adaptation

Question 9

Which of the following is a dependent variable (DV) in an experiment testing the effect of fertilizer on plant growth?

Accepted Answer

Plant height measured after applying fertilizer.

Question 10

A researcher wants to test if temperature affects enzyme activity in bacteria. Which of the following is the best hypothesis for this experiment?

Accepted Answer

If the temperature increases, then enzyme activity in bacteria will change.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the relationship between independent and dependent variables in a controlled experiment?

Accepted Answer

The independent variable is manipulated to observe its effect on the dependent variable.

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of maintaining homeostasis in humans?

Accepted Answer

Regulating body temperature despite changes in the weather.

Question 13

A scientist wants to test the effect of light intensity on photosynthesis rate in plants. Which equation best represents the relationship between the independent variable (light intensity, $$I) $$and the dependent variable (rate of photosynthesis, $$R$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$R = kI$$

Question 14

Which of the following is a real-world example of adaptation?

Accepted Answer

Desert plants developing thick cuticles to reduce water loss.

Question 15

In an experiment, a student tests the effect of different amounts of fertilizer on the number of apples produced by a tree. Which is the best way to increase the experimental validity?

Accepted Answer

Repeat the experiment with multiple trees and share results for peer review.

Question 16

Which of the following statements about scientific laws is correct?

Accepted Answer

They describe consistent relationships observed in nature.

Question 17

A population of fish in a lake increases rapidly after a new food source is introduced. Which characteristic of life does this scenario best illustrate?

Accepted Answer

Growth and development

Question 18

Which of the following is the best example of a controlled variable in an experiment?

Accepted Answer

Keeping the amount of water given to each plant the same.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the process of peer review in scientific research?

Accepted Answer

Sharing detailed results with other scientists for critique.

Question 20

A scientist observes that plants in shaded areas grow taller than those in direct sunlight. Which characteristic of life does this observation most directly relate to?

Accepted Answer

Response to stimuli

General Biology: Foundations – Characteristics of Life, Experimental Design, and Scientific Reasoning

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