Q: A solution has a pH of 4. What is the concentration of hydrogen ions $$[H^+] in $$the solution?

$$[H^+] = 1 \times 10$$^{-4}$$ \ \mathrm{M}$$

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a property common to all life?

Accepted Answer

Ability to photosynthesize

Question 2

Which of the following correctly lists the levels of biological organization from smallest to largest?

Accepted Answer

Molecule, cell, tissue, organ, organism

Question 3

Which statement best explains why carbon is unparalleled in its ability to form large, diverse molecules?

Accepted Answer

Carbon can form four covalent bonds, allowing it to act as an intersection point for complex molecules.

Question 4

A scientist wants to test the effect of a new fertilizer on plant growth. She sets up two groups: one receives the fertilizer, and the other does not. Which of the following best describes the group that does NOT receive the fertilizer?

Accepted Answer

Control group

Question 5

Which of the following best describes a hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A tentative answer to a well-framed question that can be tested

Question 6

Which of the following is a correct comparison between covalent and ionic bonds?

Accepted Answer

Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons, while ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons.

Question 7

A radioactive isotope of carbon, $$^{14}C$$, is used in medical imaging. What property makes it useful for this purpose?

Accepted Answer

It emits detectable radiation as it decays, allowing tracking in biological systems.

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why water is an excellent solvent for many biological molecules?

Accepted Answer

Water molecules form hydrogen bonds with polar and charged substances.

Question 9

A solution has a pH of 4. What is the concentration of hydrogen ions $$[H^+] in $$the solution?

Accepted Answer

$$[H^+] = 1 	imes 10$$^{-4}$$ \ \mathrm{M}$$

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the difference between a theory and a hypothesis in science?

Accepted Answer

A theory is a well-substantiated explanation supported by a large body of evidence, while a hypothesis is a testable prediction.

Question 11

Which of the following best explains the role of valence electrons in chemical bonding?

Accepted Answer

Valence electrons are responsible for the chemical reactivity and bonding properties of an atom.

Question 12

A scientist observes that plants grow faster when exposed to blue light compared to red light. She proposes that blue light increases the rate of photosynthesis. What is the dependent variable in her experiment?

Accepted Answer

The rate of photosynthesis

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of a qualitative observation?

Accepted Answer

The solution turned blue after adding the reagent.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes an organic compound?

Accepted Answer

A compound that contains carbon and at least one hydrogen atom

Question 15

Which of the following statements about isomers is correct?

Accepted Answer

Isomers have the same molecular formula but different structures.

Question 16

Which of the following functional groups is important for energy transfer in cells and is found in ATP?

Accepted Answer

Phosphate group

Question 17

A solution is made by dissolving 10 grams of NaCl in enough water to make 1 liter of solution. What is the molarity of the solution? (Molar mass of NaCl = 58.44 g/mol)

Accepted Answer

$$0.17 \ \mathrm{M}$$

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why water has a high specific heat?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds between water molecules absorb heat when they break and release heat when they form.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement about the difference between qualitative and quantitative data?

Accepted Answer

Quantitative data is expressed in numbers, while qualitative data is descriptive.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the role of a control group in an experiment?

Accepted Answer

It serves as a baseline for comparison to determine the effect of the independent variable.

General Biology: Foundations, Chemistry of Life, Water, and Carbon

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