Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between the primary and secondary immune responses as shown in the provided diagrams?

Accepted Answer

The secondary response is faster and produces more antibodies due to the presence of memory cells.

Question 2

Which cell type is responsible for releasing perforin to destroy infected cells, as illustrated in the images?

Accepted Answer

Cytotoxic (Killer) T cells

Question 3

A patient receives an injection of antibodies against rabies after being bitten by a potentially rabid animal. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Passive immunity

Question 4

Which of the following best explains why organ transplants are sometimes rejected by the recipient's immune system?

Accepted Answer

The recipient's immune system recognizes foreign glycoproteins on the donor organ as antigens.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a function of helper T cells?

Accepted Answer

Directly killing infected cells by releasing perforin

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the role of macrophages in the immune response?

Accepted Answer

They engulf and digest pathogens and present antigens to helper T cells.

Question 7

A person with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) is highly susceptible to infections because:

Accepted Answer

They lack functional lymphocytes (T and B cells).

Question 8

Which of the following is a correct example of active immunity?

Accepted Answer

Getting a flu vaccine and producing your own antibodies

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why women are more susceptible to autoimmune diseases than men, as shown in the provided data?

Accepted Answer

Autoimmune diseases are influenced by hormonal and genetic factors that differ between sexes.

Question 10

Which of the following is a key difference between humoral and cell-mediated immunity?

Accepted Answer

Humoral immunity involves B cells and antibodies, while cell-mediated immunity involves T cells targeting infected cells.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the process of clonal selection in the immune response?

Accepted Answer

A specific B cell binds to an antigen, is activated, and produces plasma and memory cells.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a way that antibodies help eliminate antigens?

Accepted Answer

Directly lysing infected cells by releasing perforin

Question 13

Which of the following best explains the cause of allergies?

Accepted Answer

The immune system mounts a hypersensitive response to harmless environmental antigens.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes how HIV impairs the immune system?

Accepted Answer

HIV infects and destroys helper T cells, reducing both humoral and cell-mediated immunity.

Question 15

Which of the following is a real-world example of cell-mediated immunity in action?

Accepted Answer

A cytotoxic T cell destroying a virus-infected cell by releasing perforin.

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why a person who has recovered from chickenpox is unlikely to get it again?

Accepted Answer

Memory B cells remain in the body and mount a rapid secondary immune response upon re-exposure.

Question 17

Which of the following is a characteristic of an autoimmune disease?

Accepted Answer

The immune system attacks healthy self-cells.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the role of the lymphatic system in immunity?

Accepted Answer

It transports lymphocytes and filters pathogens from lymph.

Question 19

Which of the following is a likely consequence of a cytokine storm during a severe viral infection such as COVID-19?

Accepted Answer

Excessive inflammation leading to tissue damage, blood clots, and organ failure.

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why patients with severe COVID-19 often have lower levels of B cells and T cells?

Accepted Answer

The virus directly destroys lymphocytes, weakening both humoral and cell-mediated immunity.

Immunology: Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses, Disorders, and Viral Infections

Study Guide - Practice Questions