Question 1

Which of the following best describes the outcome of meiosis in animals?

Accepted Answer

Four haploid cells that are genetically distinct from each other and the parent cell

Question 2

If a human cell with 46 chromosomes undergoes meiosis, how many chromosomes will each resulting gamete contain?

Accepted Answer

$$23$$

Question 3

Which process during meiosis is primarily responsible for generating new combinations of alleles within a chromosome?

Accepted Answer

Crossing over

Question 4

A karyotype of a human cell shows three copies of chromosome 21. What is the most likely explanation for this observation?

Accepted Answer

Nondisjunction occurred during meiosis

Question 5

Which of the following statements about homologous chromosomes is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

They contain the same genes in the same positions but may have different alleles

Question 6

During which phase of meiosis do homologous chromosomes separate?

Accepted Answer

Anaphase I

Question 7

What is the ploidy of a zygote formed by the fusion of two gametes, each with $$n$$ chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

$$2n$$

Question 8

Which event during meiosis increases genetic diversity by producing gametes with different combinations of maternal and paternal chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

Independent assortment

Question 9

If nondisjunction occurs during meiosis II, what is the expected outcome for the resulting gametes?

Accepted Answer

Two gametes will be normal, one will have an extra chromosome ($$n+1$$), and one will have one less ($$n-1)$$

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why offspring produced by sexual reproduction are genetically unique?

Accepted Answer

Crossing over and independent assortment during meiosis

Question 11

A diploid cell with $$2n = 8$$ undergoes meiosis. How many chromosomes will each daughter cell have after meiosis II?

Accepted Answer

$$4$$

Question 12

Which of the following is a direct result of fertilization in animals?

Accepted Answer

A diploid zygote is formed

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a difference between mitosis and meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Both processes result in haploid cells

Question 14

Which of the following best describes a polyploid organism?

Accepted Answer

An organism with three or more complete sets of chromosomes

Question 15

Which of the following scenarios would most likely result in aneuploid gametes?

Accepted Answer

Nondisjunction occurs during anaphase I

Question 16

If a gamete with $$n+1$$ chromosomes is fertilized by a normal gamete, what will be the chromosome number of the resulting zygote?

Accepted Answer

$$2n+1$$

Question 17

Which of the following is true about alleles?

Accepted Answer

Alleles are different versions of the same gene

Question 18

Which phase of meiosis is most directly responsible for the reduction in chromosome number?

Accepted Answer

Anaphase I

Question 19

A species has a haploid number $$n = 12. $$What is the diploid number of chromosomes in a somatic cell of this species?

Accepted Answer

$$24$$

Question 20

Which of the following events does NOT occur between meiosis I and meiosis II?

Accepted Answer

Chromosome replication

Meiosis: Mechanisms and Biological Significance

Study Guide - Practice Questions