Question 1

Which of the following statements best explains why lipids are not considered true polymers?

Accepted Answer

Lipids do not contain monomers that covalently link together to form long chains.

Question 2

A scientist is testing an unknown solution with Benedict's reagent. After heating, the solution turns red-orange. What does this indicate about the solution?

Accepted Answer

It contains a large amount of reducing sugars such as glucose.

Question 3

Which process is responsible for breaking down a protein into its individual amino acids, and what is required for this process?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis; addition of water and enzymes

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the role of nucleic acids in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

They store and transmit genetic information.

Question 5

A student adds Lugol's reagent (iodine) to a solution and observes a color change to blue-black. What macromolecule is most likely present?

Accepted Answer

Starch

Question 6

Which of the following is a correct pairing of a macromolecule and its monomer?

Accepted Answer

Nucleic acid – nucleotide

Question 7

Which chemical test would you use to confirm the presence of proteins in a food sample, and what result would indicate a positive test?

Accepted Answer

Biuret's reagent; bright purple color

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why dehydration synthesis requires energy input?

Accepted Answer

It forms covalent bonds between monomers, which is an endergonic process.

Question 9

A food sample is tested with Sudan IV reagent and forms an orange layer separated from water. What does this indicate about the sample?

Accepted Answer

It contains a high concentration of lipids.

Question 10

Which of the following statements about carbohydrates is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates are used for long-term energy storage in animals.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the difference between starch and cellulose?

Accepted Answer

Starch is used for energy storage in plants, while cellulose provides structural support.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Storing genetic information

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why enzymes are required for both dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes speed up the chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy.

Question 14

A patient is unable to digest starch but can digest glucose and fructose. Which enzyme or process is most likely deficient in this patient?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes required for hydrolysis of polysaccharides

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the composition of a nucleotide, the monomer of nucleic acids?

Accepted Answer

A phosphate group, a sugar, and a nitrogenous base

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why hydrolysis of macromolecules releases energy?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis breaks covalent bonds, releasing the energy stored in those bonds.

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events when a plant stores excess glucose as starch?

Accepted Answer

Glucose monomers are linked by dehydration synthesis, forming covalent bonds and storing energy.

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why triglycerides are effective for long-term energy storage?

Accepted Answer

They contain many high-energy carbon-hydrogen bonds.

Question 19

A solution is tested with both Benedict's reagent and Biuret's reagent. The solution turns red-orange with Benedict's and remains blue with Biuret's. What does this indicate about the solution's composition?

Accepted Answer

It contains reducing sugars but no proteins.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the difference in the chemical composition of proteins and nucleic acids?

Accepted Answer

Nucleic acids contain phosphorus, while proteins do not.

Organic Molecules and Macromolecule Testing

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