Q: Which of the following equations correctly represents the overall process of cellular respiration?

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\ \mathrm{O_2$} \rightarrow 6\ \mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\ \mathrm{H_2O} + \text{energy}$$

Question 1

During cellular respiration, glucose is oxidized and oxygen is reduced. Which of the following best describes the role of oxygen in this process?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor, forming water.

Question 2

A scientist is measuring the energy released when 1 kg of water is heated from 20°C to 21°C. Which unit and definition best describes this measurement?

Accepted Answer

1 kilocalorie, which is the quantity of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water by 1°C.

Question 3

Which of the following equations correctly represents the overall process of cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\ \mathrm{O_2$} ightarrow 6\ \mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\ \mathrm{H_2O} + 	ext{energy}$$

Question 4

Which of the following best explains why green light is least effective for photosynthesis in plants?

Accepted Answer

Chlorophyll reflects green light, so it is not absorbed for energy.

Question 5

A patient is diagnosed with a tumor that does not invade surrounding tissues or spread to other parts of the body. What type of tumor is this?

Accepted Answer

Benign tumor

Question 6

Which of the following statements about the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration is correct?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis produces O$$_2$$ and consumes CO$$_2$$, while cellular respiration produces CO$$_2$$ and consumes O$$_2.$$

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the process of glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

It breaks down one molecule of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate, producing a net gain of 2 ATP.

Question 8

Which of the following is a reactant in the process of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

CO$$_2$$

Question 9

A cell undergoes mitosis but fails to separate its sister chromatids during anaphase. What is the most likely result?

Accepted Answer

Nondisjunction, leading to daughter cells with abnormal chromosome numbers.

Question 10

Which of the following events occurs during interphase of the cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

Cell growth and duplication of the chromosomes

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the difference between oxidation and reduction in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Oxidation is the loss of electrons; reduction is the gain of electrons.

Question 12

Which of the following is true regarding sexual and asexual reproduction?

Accepted Answer

Sexual reproduction is more likely to increase genetic variation than asexual reproduction.

Question 13

Which molecule is the source of oxygen released during photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Water ($$\mathrm{H_2O})$$

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the role of ATP in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

ATP stores and transfers energy released from glucose breakdown.

Question 15

Which of the following statements about cell division is false?

Accepted Answer

Cell division is common in eukaryotes but rare in prokaryotes.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the movement of electrons during cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

O$$_2 is $$reduced when it accepts electrons and forms water.

Question 17

Which of the following is true regarding mitosis and meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Sister chromatids separate during anaphase of mitosis and anaphase II of meiosis.

Question 18

A packet of light energy that excites electrons during photosynthesis is called a:

Accepted Answer

Photon

Question 19

Which of the following best describes a photoautotroph?

Accepted Answer

An organism that produces organic molecules from inorganic molecules using light energy.

Question 20

Which event during meiosis increases genetic variation among offspring?

Accepted Answer

Independent orientation of chromosomes during metaphase I

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