Question 1

Which property of water is primarily responsible for the phenomenon where coastal areas experience milder temperatures compared to inland areas?

Accepted Answer

Water's high specific heat

Question 2

A scientist adds a strong acid to a beaker of pure water, causing the concentration of $$[H^+] to $$increase to $$1 	imes 10$$^{-4}$$ M. What is the resulting pH of the solution?

Accepted Answer

$$pH = 4$$

Question 3

Which of the following best explains why ice floats on liquid water?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds in ice keep water molecules farther apart, making ice less dense

Question 4

A solution has a $$[OH^-]$$ concentration of $$1 	imes 10$$^{-9}$$ M at 25°C. What is the $$[H^+]$$ concentration in this solution?

Accepted Answer

$$1 	imes 10$$^{-5}$$ M

Question 5

Which of the following scenarios best demonstrates the concept of cohesion in water?

Accepted Answer

Water droplets forming beads on a waxed car hood

Question 6

A buffer solution is prepared by mixing a weak acid and its conjugate base. What is the primary function of this buffer in a biological system?

Accepted Answer

To maintain a relatively constant pH when acids or bases are added

Question 7

Which of the following best describes why oil does not mix with water?

Accepted Answer

Oil molecules are hydrophobic and have many nonpolar bonds

Question 8

If a solution has a pH of 8, what is the $$[H^+]$$ concentration?

Accepted Answer

$$1 	imes 10$$^{-8}$$ M

Question 9

Which of the following statements about water's high specific heat is correct?

Accepted Answer

It helps stabilize temperatures in organisms and environments

Question 10

A researcher dissolves 0.5 moles of NaCl in enough water to make 1 liter of solution. What is the molarity ($$M) of $$the solution?

Accepted Answer

$$0.5\ M$$

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the process of evaporative cooling?

Accepted Answer

The surface of an object becomes cooler as water evaporates, removing heat

Question 12

A patient’s blood pH drops from 7.4 to 7.1. Which buffer system response would help restore normal pH?

Accepted Answer

Bicarbonate accepts $$H^+ to $$form carbonic acid

Question 13

Which of the following is a direct consequence of water’s polarity?

Accepted Answer

Water can dissolve many ionic and polar substances

Question 14

A solution is prepared by dissolving 10 g of glucose (molecular mass = 180 g/mol) in enough water to make 0.5 L of solution. What is the molarity ($$M) of $$the solution?

Accepted Answer

$$0.11\ M$$

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why sweating cools the human body?

Accepted Answer

Sweat absorbs heat as it evaporates, lowering skin temperature

Question 16

Which of the following is true about acids and bases in water?

Accepted Answer

Strong acids and bases dissociate completely in water

Question 17

A hydrophilic substance is most likely to:

Accepted Answer

Dissolve easily in water

Question 18

If the $$[H^+] in a $$solution is $$1 	imes 10$$^{-6}$$ M, what is the $$[OH^-]$$ at 25°C?

Accepted Answer

$$1 	imes 10$$^{-8}$$ M$

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the role of surface tension in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

It enables small insects to walk on water without sinking

Question 20

Which of the following is an example of adhesion?

Accepted Answer

Water climbing up a paper towel

Properties of Water and Their Biological Significance

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