Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

The specific sequence of amino acids linked by peptide bonds

Question 2

Which type of bond is responsible for stabilizing the secondary structure of proteins?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds

Question 3

A mutation changes a single amino acid in the primary structure of an enzyme. Which level(s) of protein structure could be affected as a result?

Accepted Answer

All levels: primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of a catabolic reaction catalyzed by an enzyme?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{2H_2O_2 \rightarrow 2H_2O + O_2$}$$, catalyzed by catalase

Question 5

Which property of enzymes allows them to catalyze only specific reactions?

Accepted Answer

Enzyme specificity due to the unique shape of their active site

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why catalase is necessary in living cells?

Accepted Answer

It rapidly breaks down toxic hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen

Question 7

A scientist adds catalase to a solution of hydrogen peroxide and observes bubbling. What is the best explanation for this observation?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen gas is being produced as hydrogen peroxide is broken down

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Storing genetic information

Question 9

Which of the following amino acids has a nonpolar R group?

Accepted Answer

Valine

Question 10

Which experimental design would best test if an enzyme is still functional after a reaction?

Accepted Answer

Add fresh substrate to the enzyme solution and observe if the reaction occurs again

Question 11

Which of the following best describes a peptide bond?

Accepted Answer

A covalent bond formed between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of another

Question 12

Which of the following statements about enzyme activity is correct?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes lower the activation energy required for a reaction

Question 13

A student hypothesizes that catalase will not function after being boiled. Which result would best support this hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

No bubbles are observed when boiled catalase is added to hydrogen peroxide

Question 14

Which of the following is a real-life example of a protein's quaternary structure?

Accepted Answer

Hemoglobin, which consists of four polypeptide subunits

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why enzymes are not used up in chemical reactions?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes are not changed by the reaction and can be reused

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the tertiary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

The overall three-dimensional shape formed by interactions between R groups

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct representation of an anabolic reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{6CO_2 + 6H_2O \rightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6$}$$

Question 18

Which of the following is a function of defensive proteins?

Accepted Answer

Antibodies binding to viruses

Question 19

Which of the following experimental variables would most likely affect the rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction?

Accepted Answer

Temperature

Protein Structure and Enzyme Function: Study Notes for Principles of Biology

Study Guide - Practice Questions