Question 1

Which sequence best describes the evolutionary origin of chloroplasts in land plants?

Accepted Answer

cyanobacteria $$\rightarrow$$ green algae $$\rightarrow$$ land plants

Question 2

Trypanosoma parasites are difficult to eliminate by the host immune system because:

Accepted Answer

They constantly change their cell-surface proteins, preventing recognition by the immune system.

Question 3

Which of the following cell wall components is correctly matched with its organism?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotes: peptidoglycan

Question 4

A patient is diagnosed with malaria that is resistant to a commonly used drug. What is the most likely cause of this resistance?

Accepted Answer

Widespread, frequent use of a single drug in malaria patients

Question 5

Which process in Paramecium results in genetic recombination without increasing population size?

Accepted Answer

Conjugation

Question 6

Which structure in mosses is responsible for producing spores?

Accepted Answer

Sporophyte (capsule)

Question 7

What is the main adaptive advantage of the filamentous nature of fungal mycelia?

Accepted Answer

It increases surface area for absorption of nutrients

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why mycorrhizal fungi are more efficient than plants at acquiring mineral nutrients from the soil?

Accepted Answer

Fungi secrete extracellular enzymes that break down large molecules

Question 9

In the life cycle of fungi, what is the immediate result of plasmogamy?

Accepted Answer

Formation of heterokaryotic or dikaryotic cells

Question 10

Which of the following is a characteristic shared by all animals?

Accepted Answer

Multicellularity and absence of cell wall

Question 11

A botanist discovers a plant with two types of sporophylls: one large and one small. What type of plant is this?

Accepted Answer

Heterosporous plant

Question 12

Which of the following is unique to seed-producing plants, in addition to seeds?

Accepted Answer

Pollen

Question 13

A flower is small and not brightly colored. What is the most likely pollination mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Wind pollination

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the function of the large white part of a Brazil nut in nature?

Accepted Answer

It provides energy and nutrition to a germinating seedling

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why some plants produce poisonous secretions like poison oak?

Accepted Answer

To inhibit herbivores from preying on the plants

Question 16

Which of the following is the best way to measure pollination success in a plant population?

Accepted Answer

Measuring fruit production

Question 17

Which of the following is a feature common to all angiosperms?

Accepted Answer

Double internal fertilization

Question 18

A scientist is comparing molecular data and morphological data for phylogenetic analysis. What is an advantage of using molecular data?

Accepted Answer

Molecular data is based on genetic relationships rather than morphological similarities.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the relationship between a fungus living in a plant and killing herbivores that feed on the plant?

Accepted Answer

Mutualistic

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why bryophytes and seedless vascular plants are typically found in moist environments?

Accepted Answer

Their male gametes must swim to fertilize the female gametes

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