Question 1

Which of the following best describes the process shown in the third image (with the removal of H$$_2O $$and the joining of two molecules)?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration reaction, which joins monomers by removing a water molecule.

Question 2

The molecule shown in the first image is a typical example of which class of biological molecules?

Accepted Answer

Lipid

Question 3

Which of the following statements about the fourth image (showing the addition of H$$_2O to $$break a bond) is correct?

Accepted Answer

It demonstrates hydrolysis, breaking a polymer into monomers.

Question 4

Which food item shown in the images is primarily composed of proteins?

Accepted Answer

Steak

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why the substance in the glass (second to last image) forms two separate layers?

Accepted Answer

Lipids are hydrophobic and do not mix with water.

Question 6

Which of the following is a function of the molecule shown in the DNA image?

Accepted Answer

Storing genetic information

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the main structural difference between saturated and unsaturated fats, as shown in the images?

Accepted Answer

Unsaturated fats have double bonds, causing kinks in their fatty acid chains.

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why cellulose (as shown in the plant cell wall image) cannot be digested by humans?

Accepted Answer

Humans lack the enzyme to break β-glucose linkages in cellulose.

Question 9

Which of the following is a correct pairing of a biological molecule and its monomer?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrate – monosaccharide

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the role of phospholipids in cells, as shown in the bilayer image?

Accepted Answer

They form the main structure of cell membranes.

Question 11

Which of the following is true about the dehydration reaction shown in the images?

Accepted Answer

It results in the formation of a covalent bond between monomers.

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why olive oil (shown in the images) is liquid at room temperature?

Accepted Answer

It contains unsaturated fatty acids with double bonds that prevent tight packing.

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of proteins in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Catalyzing metabolic reactions

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the structure of a nucleotide, as seen in the DNA image?

Accepted Answer

A phosphate group, a pentose sugar, and a nitrogenous base

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct statement about the function of fats in animals?

Accepted Answer

They provide insulation and energy storage.

Question 16

Which of the following best explains the difference between a polypeptide and a protein?

Accepted Answer

A protein is a functional molecule made of one or more polypeptides folded into a specific shape.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the role of hydrogen bonds in the structure of proteins?

Accepted Answer

They stabilize the secondary structure, such as α-helices and β-sheets.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct description of the genetic code in DNA?

Accepted Answer

It is determined by the sequence of nitrogenous bases.

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why trans fats are considered unhealthy?

Accepted Answer

They are produced by hydrogenating unsaturated fats, leading to trans double bonds that can contribute to plaque buildup.

Study Guide: Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

Study Guide - Practice Questions