Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of lymphatic capillaries in the immune system?

Accepted Answer

They collect excess interstitial fluid and transport it as lymph.

Question 2

A patient has a genetic defect that prevents the maturation of T lymphocytes. Which organ is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Thymus gland

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a component of the body's first line of defense against pathogens?

Accepted Answer

B lymphocytes

Question 4

During the inflammatory response, which sequence of events occurs first?

Accepted Answer

Blood vessels dilate and become more permeable

Question 5

Which of the following best explains the difference between the primary and secondary immune response?

Accepted Answer

The secondary response is faster and produces more antibodies due to memory cells.

Question 6

A person is exposed to a new strain of influenza virus. Which immune cells are primarily responsible for producing antibodies against this virus?

Accepted Answer

B lymphocytes

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the role of antigen-antibody complexes in the immune response?

Accepted Answer

They neutralize pathogens and mark them for destruction.

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of an autoimmune disorder?

Accepted Answer

Type 1 diabetes mellitus

Question 9

Which of the following best explains how allergies occur?

Accepted Answer

The immune system overreacts to harmless substances (allergens).

Question 10

A patient is diagnosed with HIV, which leads to a progressive loss of immune function. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Immunodeficiency

Question 11

Which of the following is a function of the spleen in the immune system?

Accepted Answer

Filtering blood and removing old red blood cells

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the role of good (indigenous) bacteria in the immune system?

Accepted Answer

They compete with pathogens and help prevent infections.

Question 13

Which of the following is a characteristic of cell-mediated immunity?

Accepted Answer

It is primarily carried out by T lymphocytes.

Question 14

A child is born without a thymus gland. Which aspect of their immune system will be most affected?

Accepted Answer

Maturation of T lymphocytes

Question 15

Which of the following best describes humoral (acquired) immunity?

Accepted Answer

It involves B lymphocytes producing antibodies against specific antigens.

Question 16

Which of the following is a real-world example of immunodeficiency?

Accepted Answer

Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID)

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why the skin is an effective barrier against infection?

Accepted Answer

It acts as a physical barrier and secretes acidic substances that inhibit microbial growth.

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in the inflammatory response?

Accepted Answer

Tissue injury → Vasodilation → Increased permeability → Phagocyte migration

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the function of lymph nodes?

Accepted Answer

They filter lymph and provide sites for immune cell activation.

Question 20

A person receives a vaccine and later is exposed to the same pathogen. Which immune response is responsible for the rapid production of antibodies?

Accepted Answer

Secondary immune response

Unit 4: Immunology – Structure and Function of the Immune System

Study Guide - Practice Questions