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Ch. 11 - Cell-Cell Interactions
Freeman - Biological Science 7th Edition
Freeman7th EditionBiological ScienceISBN: 9783584863285Not the one you use?Change textbook
All textbooksFreeman 7th EditionCh. 11 - Cell-Cell InteractionsProblem 2
Chapter 11, Problem 2

Where are protein components of the extracellular matrix synthesized?
a. In the rough ER
b. In the Golgi apparatus
c. In the plasma membrane
d. In the extracellular layer itself

Verified step by step guidance
1
Understand the role of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in protein synthesis. The rough ER is studded with ribosomes, which are the sites of protein synthesis. Proteins destined for secretion or for use in the cell membrane are synthesized here.
Recognize that the Golgi apparatus is involved in modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins for secretion or delivery to other organelles, but it is not the site of initial protein synthesis.
Consider the function of the plasma membrane, which serves as a barrier and communication interface for the cell, but is not involved in the synthesis of proteins.
Acknowledge that the extracellular matrix (ECM) is a network of proteins and other molecules outside the cell, providing structural and biochemical support to surrounding cells. However, the ECM itself does not synthesize proteins.
Conclude that the protein components of the extracellular matrix are synthesized in the rough ER, where they are initially assembled before being transported to the Golgi apparatus for further processing and eventual secretion outside the cell.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Protein Synthesis in the Rough ER

The rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a key site for protein synthesis, particularly for proteins destined for secretion or for use in the cell membrane. Ribosomes attached to the rough ER translate mRNA into polypeptide chains, which are then folded and modified within the ER lumen. This process is crucial for producing proteins that will be transported to the Golgi apparatus for further processing.
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Role of the Golgi Apparatus

The Golgi apparatus is involved in modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins for secretion or delivery to other parts of the cell. After proteins are synthesized in the rough ER, they are transported to the Golgi apparatus, where they undergo further modifications such as glycosylation. This organelle is essential for ensuring proteins are correctly processed and directed to their final destinations, including the extracellular matrix.
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Extracellular Matrix Composition

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex network of proteins and polysaccharides that provides structural and biochemical support to surrounding cells. Key protein components of the ECM, such as collagen and elastin, are synthesized inside the cell, primarily in the rough ER, before being secreted into the extracellular space. Understanding the synthesis and assembly of ECM components is crucial for comprehending how tissues maintain their structure and function.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question

Which of the following actions correctly describe a role performed by at least one type of intercellular connection? Select True or False for each statement.

T/FAllows communication between adjacent cells.

T/FForms a watertight barrier between the cells.

T/FUses components of the extracellular matrix to indirectly connect adjacent cells.

T/FAssociates with cytoskeletal components to resist pulling forces.

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Textbook Question

What does it mean to say that a signal is transduced?

a. The signaling molecule enters the cell directly and elicits a cellular response.

b. The signal is generated by the production of proteins.

c. The physical form of the signal changes between the outside of the cell and the inside.

d. The signal is amplified.

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Textbook Question

How do the extracellular filaments in plants differ from those in animals?

a. Plant filaments resist compression forces; animal filaments resist pulling forces.

b. Animal filaments consist of proteins; plant filaments consist of polysaccharides.

c. Plant extracellular filaments never move; animal filaments can slide past one another.

d. Plant filaments run parallel to one another; animal filaments crisscross.

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