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Sampling Methods definitions

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  • Population
    Entire group of individuals or items about which information is desired for a statistical study.
  • Sample
    Subset of a population selected for analysis to draw conclusions about the whole group.
  • Representative Sample
    Subset mirroring the population's characteristics, ensuring similar proportions of key traits.
  • Simple Random Sampling
    Technique where every member and possible subset has an equal chance of being chosen.
  • SRS
    Abbreviation for the method where selection is entirely random and unbiased among all members.
  • Systematic Sampling
    Procedure involving selection of every kth subject from an ordered population list.
  • Cluster Sampling
    Method dividing the population into groups, then randomly selecting entire groups for study.
  • Cluster
    Naturally occurring group within a population, used as a unit for certain sampling methods.
  • Stratified Sampling
    Approach dividing the population into subgroups, then randomly selecting from each subgroup.
  • Strata
    Subgroups within a population sharing a common characteristic, used in certain sampling designs.
  • Sampling Error
    Difference between sample results and the actual population values due to chance selection.
  • Random Number Generator
    Tool or process used to ensure unbiased selection in random sampling procedures.
  • Subgroup
    Section of a population defined by a shared attribute, often used in stratified designs.
  • Interval
    Fixed step or gap used in systematic sampling to select subjects from a population.
  • Statistical Conclusion
    Inference or decision about a population based on analysis of sample data.