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Multiple Choice
Evaluate the indefinite integral. (Use c for the constant of integration.)
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Verified step by step guidance
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Step 1: Recognize that the integral involves the inverse cosine function, cos^{-1}(x). To solve this, we use integration by parts, which is based on the formula: ∫u dv = uv - ∫v du.
Step 2: Choose u = cos^{-1}(x) and dv = dx. This means du = -1 / √(1 - x^2) dx (the derivative of cos^{-1}(x)) and v = x (the integral of dx).
Step 3: Apply the integration by parts formula: ∫ cos^{-1}(x) dx = u * v - ∫ v * du. Substitute u = cos^{-1}(x), v = x, and du = -1 / √(1 - x^2) dx into the formula.
Step 4: Simplify the expression: x * cos^{-1}(x) - ∫ x * (-1 / √(1 - x^2)) dx. This simplifies further to x * cos^{-1}(x) + ∫ x / √(1 - x^2) dx.
Step 5: Evaluate the remaining integral ∫ x / √(1 - x^2) dx. Recognize that this integral simplifies to -√(1 - x^2) (using substitution or recognizing it as a standard integral). Combine the results to get the final expression: x * cos^{-1}(x) - √(1 - x^2) + c.