Table of contents

1. Overview of Cell Biology2h 49m
2. Chemical Components of Cells1h 14m
3. Energy1h 33m
4. DNA, Chromosomes, and Genomes2h 31m
5. DNA to RNA to Protein2h 31m
6. Proteins1h 36m
7. Gene Expression1h 42m
8. Membrane Structure1h 4m
- The Lipid Bilayer
  38m
- Membrane Proteins
  25m
9. Transport Across Membranes1h 52m
10. Anerobic Respiration1h 5m
11. Aerobic Respiration1h 11m
12. Photosynthesis52m
13. Intracellular Protein Transport2h 18m
14. Cell Signaling1h 28m
15. Cytoskeleton and Cell Movement1h 39m
16. Cell Division3h 5m
17. Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction50m
18. Cell Junctions and Tissues48m
19. Stem Cells13m
- Stem Cells
  13m
20. Cancer44m
21. The Immune System1h 6m
22. Techniques in Cell Biology1h 41m

14. Cell Signaling

Overview of Cell Surface Receptors

Cell Biology

14. Cell Signaling

Overview of Cell Surface Receptors

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Multiple Choice

When a catecholamine or peptide hormone binds to receptors on the surface of a cell, the:

cell immediately undergoes apoptosis

receptor activates intracellular signaling pathways to elicit a cellular response

hormone directly enters the nucleus to alter gene expression

receptor transports the hormone into the cytoplasm

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the nature of catecholamine and peptide hormones: These are hydrophilic molecules that cannot pass through the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane. Instead, they bind to specific receptors on the cell surface.

Recognize the role of cell surface receptors: When these hormones bind to their receptors, the receptors undergo a conformational change, which activates intracellular signaling pathways.

Clarify the mechanism of signal transduction: The activated receptor typically interacts with intracellular proteins, such as G-proteins or kinases, to propagate the signal inside the cell. This leads to a cascade of events that amplify the signal.

Explain the cellular response: The intracellular signaling pathways ultimately lead to specific cellular responses, such as changes in enzyme activity, ion channel function, or gene expression, depending on the type of cell and the signaling pathway involved.

Rule out incorrect options: Apoptosis (programmed cell death) is not an immediate response to hormone binding. The hormone does not directly enter the nucleus, nor is it transported into the cytoplasm by the receptor. Instead, the receptor's activation of signaling pathways is the correct mechanism.