Multiple Choice
In eukaryotic cells, which structure is directly responsible for synthesizing polypeptides during translation?
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5. DNA to RNA to Protein
Translation
Multiple Choice
In the context of translation, what is the primary function of the ribosome?
A
It splices introns out of pre-mRNA to produce mature mRNA.
B
It replicates DNA to produce identical copies before cell division.
C
It catalyzes peptide bond formation to synthesize a polypeptide using an mRNA template.
D
It transcribes DNA into a complementary mRNA molecule.
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the process being described: translation is the process by which proteins are synthesized from mRNA templates.
Recall the role of the ribosome in translation: the ribosome reads the mRNA sequence and facilitates the assembly of amino acids into a polypeptide chain.
Understand that the ribosome catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids, linking them together to form a protein.
Recognize that splicing introns, DNA replication, and transcription are separate processes carried out by other cellular machinery, not the ribosome.
Conclude that the primary function of the ribosome during translation is to catalyze peptide bond formation to synthesize a polypeptide using an mRNA template.
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