Multiple Choice
In eukaryotic cells, which organelle contains acid hydrolases (digestive enzymes) responsible for breaking down macromolecules during intracellular degradation?
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13. Intracellular Protein Transport
Lysosomal and Degradation Pathways
Multiple Choice
How does a lysosome recycle materials in a cell?
A
It synthesizes new proteins on its surface using ribosomes and exports them to the cytosol.
B
It uses acid hydrolases to break down macromolecules into monomers that are transported back to the cytosol for reuse.
C
It generates ATP through oxidative phosphorylation and uses the energy to rebuild damaged organelles.
D
It packages newly made lipids and proteins into secretory vesicles and releases them outside the cell.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the primary function of lysosomes in the cell, which is to break down and recycle cellular waste materials and macromolecules.
Recognize that lysosomes contain acid hydrolase enzymes, which are specialized proteins that function optimally in acidic conditions to degrade various biomolecules such as proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates.
Know that these acid hydrolases break down complex macromolecules into their simpler monomeric forms (e.g., amino acids, sugars, nucleotides, fatty acids).
Realize that after degradation, these monomers are transported from the lysosome back into the cytosol, where the cell can reuse them to synthesize new molecules or generate energy.
Conclude that this recycling process helps maintain cellular homeostasis by efficiently reusing building blocks and preventing accumulation of cellular debris.
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