Multiple Choice
In a eukaryotic cell, what is the most likely consequence if lysosomes are absent or nonfunctional?
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13. Intracellular Protein Transport
Lysosomal and Degradation Pathways
Multiple Choice
In eukaryotic cells, what is the primary function of the lysosome in lysosomal and degradation pathways?
A
It produces ATP through oxidative phosphorylation across the inner membrane.
B
It synthesizes secreted proteins and adds N-linked oligosaccharides before export.
C
It packages newly synthesized proteins into COPII-coated vesicles for transport to the Golgi.
D
It degrades macromolecules and damaged organelles using acid hydrolases in an acidic lumen.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the role of lysosomes in eukaryotic cells: Lysosomes are membrane-bound organelles containing acid hydrolase enzymes that function optimally at an acidic pH.
Recognize that lysosomes are involved in degradation pathways, where they break down macromolecules such as proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates, as well as damaged organelles through processes like autophagy.
Note that the acidic environment inside the lysosome (acidic lumen) is crucial for activating the acid hydrolases, which catalyze the hydrolysis of various biomolecules.
Differentiate lysosomes from other organelles: mitochondria produce ATP via oxidative phosphorylation, the rough endoplasmic reticulum synthesizes secreted proteins and adds N-linked oligosaccharides, and the Golgi apparatus packages proteins into COPII-coated vesicles.
Conclude that the primary function of lysosomes in lysosomal and degradation pathways is to degrade macromolecules and damaged organelles using acid hydrolases within their acidic lumen.
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