Multiple Choice
In eukaryotic cells, which organelle is the primary site of translation (protein synthesis)?
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5. DNA to RNA to Protein
Translation
Multiple Choice
In the context of translation, what is the primary function of the ribosome?
A
To replicate DNA by adding nucleotides to a growing DNA strand
B
To catalyze peptide bond formation and synthesize a polypeptide by decoding mRNA
C
To transport newly synthesized proteins from the nucleus to the cytosol
D
To splice introns from pre-mRNA to produce mature mRNA
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the process of translation in cell biology, which is the synthesis of proteins from messenger RNA (mRNA).
Step 2: Recognize that the ribosome is the molecular machine responsible for reading the sequence of codons in mRNA during translation.
Step 3: Identify that the ribosome facilitates the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids, linking them together to form a polypeptide chain.
Step 4: Note that the ribosome does not replicate DNA, transport proteins, or splice RNA; these are functions of other cellular components.
Step 5: Conclude that the primary function of the ribosome is to catalyze peptide bond formation and synthesize a polypeptide by decoding the mRNA sequence.
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