Question 1

Which statement best summarizes Dalton's Atomic Theory as it relates to the identity of elements?

Accepted Answer

Atoms of a given element are identical in mass and properties.

Question 2

Which of the following best explains why gold dust and gold nuggets are both considered gold, but atomic fragments are not?

Accepted Answer

Gold dust and nuggets are made of whole gold atoms, while atomic fragments have lost the identity of gold.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a correct description of the three types of radiation discovered by Henri Becquerel?

Accepted Answer

$$\beta$$ particles are positively charged protons.

Question 4

In Rutherford's gold foil experiment, what observation led to the conclusion that atoms have a small, dense nucleus?

Accepted Answer

A few alpha particles were deflected at large angles.

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the difference between isotopes of the same element?

Accepted Answer

They have different numbers of neutrons.

Question 6

Given the following data for carbon isotopes: $$^{12}C (98.892$$% abundance, 12.00000 amu) and $$^{13}C (1.108$$% abundance, 13.00335 amu), calculate the average atomic mass of carbon. (Round to 3 decimal places)

Accepted Answer

$$12.011$$ amu

Question 7

Which of the following statements about the periodic table is correct?

Accepted Answer

Elements in the same group have similar chemical properties.

Question 8

A neutral atom of sodium ($$Na) $$has an atomic number of 11. What is the electron configuration of the $$Na^+$$ ion?

Accepted Answer

$$1s^2$$ $$2s^2$$ $$2p^6$$

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why ionic compounds, such as $$NaCl$$, have high melting points?

Accepted Answer

They are held together by strong electrostatic forces between oppositely charged ions.

Question 10

Which of the following is the correct formula for a compound formed between magnesium and chlorine?

Accepted Answer

$$MgCl_2$$

Question 11

A sample contains 80% $$^{35}Cl (34.96885 $$amu) and 20% $$^{37}Cl (36.96590 $$amu). What is the average atomic mass of chlorine in this sample?

Accepted Answer

$$35.537$$ amu

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct statement about metals and nonmetals?

Accepted Answer

Nonmetals tend to gain electrons to form anions.

Question 13

Which of the following is the correct name for $$FeCl_3$$?

Accepted Answer

Iron(III) chloride

Question 14

Which of the following is a diatomic molecule that occurs naturally?

Accepted Answer

Nitrogen ($$N_2)$$

Question 15

Which of the following ions is correctly paired with its name?

Accepted Answer

$$SO_4$$^{2-}$$, sulfate

Question 16

A compound is named sulfur hexafluoride. What is its chemical formula?

Accepted Answer

$$SF_6$$

Question 17

Which of the following best describes a hydrate?

Accepted Answer

A compound that contains water molecules weakly bound in its crystals.

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct formula for dinitrogen pentoxide?

Accepted Answer

$$N_2O_5$$

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why $$NaCl$$ does not exist as a molecule?

Accepted Answer

It forms a crystal lattice of alternating $$Na^+$$ and $$Cl^-$$ ions, not individual molecules.

Question 20

Which of the following is the correct name for $$N_2O_4$$?

Accepted Answer

Dinitrogen tetroxide

Atoms, Molecules, and Ions: Foundations of Chemical Structure

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