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Multiple Choice
If a firm evaluates all of its projects by applying the Internal Rate of Return (IRR) rule, which of the following statements is most accurate?
A
The IRR rule cannot be used when cash flows change sign more than once.
B
The IRR rule always leads to the same decision as the NPV rule for mutually exclusive projects.
C
The firm may accept projects with a positive IRR even if they have a negative Net Present Value (NPV).
D
The IRR rule is preferred over the NPV rule because it does not require estimating the cost of capital.
Verified step by step guidance
1
Understand the concept of Internal Rate of Return (IRR): IRR is the discount rate that makes the Net Present Value (NPV) of all cash flows from a project equal to zero. It is used to evaluate the profitability of potential investments.
Recognize the limitations of the IRR rule: The IRR rule can be problematic when cash flows change sign more than once, leading to multiple IRRs. This occurs in projects with unconventional cash flows, such as alternating inflows and outflows.
Compare IRR and NPV for mutually exclusive projects: The IRR rule does not always lead to the same decision as the NPV rule for mutually exclusive projects. NPV considers the scale of the project and provides a more reliable decision when comparing projects.
Evaluate the relationship between IRR and NPV: A project with a positive IRR may still have a negative NPV if the cost of capital is higher than the IRR. This highlights the importance of considering the cost of capital in decision-making.
Understand why NPV is preferred over IRR: The NPV rule requires estimating the cost of capital, which is a critical factor in determining the value of a project. IRR does not account for this, making NPV a more robust method for evaluating projects.