Multiple Choice
Which of the following compounds is insoluble in water at 25 °C?
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6. Chemical Quantities & Aqueous Reactions
Solubility Rules
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Which of the following compounds would be expected to be more soluble in hexane (C6H14)?
A
NaCl (sodium chloride)
B
CCl4 (carbon tetrachloride)
C
KNO3 (potassium nitrate)
D
CH3OH (methanol)
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the nature of hexane (C6H14): it is a nonpolar solvent due to its long hydrocarbon chain and lack of significant electronegative atoms.
Recall the principle 'like dissolves like,' meaning nonpolar solvents dissolve nonpolar solutes better, while polar solvents dissolve polar or ionic solutes better.
Analyze each compound's polarity: NaCl and KNO3 are ionic compounds, which are highly polar and typically soluble in polar solvents like water, but not in nonpolar solvents like hexane.
CH3OH (methanol) is a polar molecule with an -OH group capable of hydrogen bonding, making it more soluble in polar solvents and less soluble in nonpolar solvents like hexane.
CCl4 (carbon tetrachloride) is a nonpolar molecule because of its symmetrical tetrahedral shape and similar electronegativities of carbon and chlorine, making it more soluble in nonpolar solvents such as hexane.
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