Multiple Choice
Which of the following statements correctly describes the origin of dipole-dipole forces between molecules?
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13. Liquids, Solids & Intermolecular Forces
Intermolecular Forces
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Which of the following substances exhibits dipole–dipole (polar) intermolecular forces between its molecules?
A
CCl4
B
CH3Cl
C
O2
D
N2
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand that dipole–dipole intermolecular forces occur between molecules that have a permanent dipole moment, meaning the molecule is polar.
Step 2: Analyze the molecular geometry and electronegativity differences in each substance to determine if the molecule is polar or nonpolar.
Step 3: For CCl\_4, note that although C–Cl bonds are polar, the molecule is tetrahedral and symmetrical, so the dipoles cancel out, making it nonpolar.
Step 4: For CH\_3Cl, recognize that the molecule has a tetrahedral shape but the presence of the more electronegative Cl atom creates an uneven distribution of charge, resulting in a polar molecule with a permanent dipole moment.
Step 5: For O\_2 and N\_2, both are diatomic molecules consisting of identical atoms, so the bonds are nonpolar and the molecules have no permanent dipole moment, meaning they do not exhibit dipole–dipole forces.
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