Multiple Choice
Which type of intermolecular force is primarily responsible for the high boiling point of water (H_2O)?
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13. Liquids, Solids & Intermolecular Forces
Intermolecular Forces
Multiple Choice
Which of the following statements correctly describes the origin of dipole-dipole forces between molecules?
A
They originate from the repulsion between like charges in adjacent molecules.
B
They result from the instantaneous formation of temporary dipoles in nonpolar molecules.
C
They are caused by the hydrogen bonding between molecules containing hydrogen and highly electronegative atoms.
D
They arise from the electrostatic attraction between the positive end of one polar molecule and the negative end of another polar molecule.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that dipole-dipole forces occur between polar molecules, which have permanent dipoles due to differences in electronegativity between atoms in the molecule.
Recognize that these forces arise because the positive end of one polar molecule is attracted to the negative end of another polar molecule, creating an electrostatic attraction.
Differentiate dipole-dipole forces from other intermolecular forces: for example, London dispersion forces arise from temporary dipoles in nonpolar molecules, and hydrogen bonding is a special, stronger type of dipole-dipole interaction involving hydrogen and highly electronegative atoms.
Note that repulsion between like charges does not cause dipole-dipole forces; instead, it would oppose attraction and destabilize interactions.
Conclude that the correct description of dipole-dipole forces is that they originate from the electrostatic attraction between the positive end of one polar molecule and the negative end of another polar molecule.
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